On this day in History – Abr. 13 Abril 12, 2008

• 0585 – Saint Hermenegild dies.
• 0799 – Paul the Deacon dies (b. ca 720). Monk and chronicler.
• 0814 – Krum dies. Khan of Bulgaria.
• 1055 – Bishop Gebhard van Eichstatt is consecrated Pope Victor II.
• 1059 – O Papa Nicolau II lança um decreto sobre a eleição dos papas, declarando que apenas cardeais devem ter poder de elegê-los.
• 1093 – Vsevolod I of Kiev dies (b. 1093) .
• 1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
• 1180 – Frederick Barbarossa issues the Gelnhausen Charter.
• 1204 – The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople.
• 1241 – Battle at Theiss: Mongols beat Hungarian King Bela IV.
• 1250 – The Seventh Crusade is defeated in Egypt, Louis IX of France is captured.
• 1256 – The Grand Union of the Augustinian order when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull Licet ecclesiae catholicae.
• 1279 – Boleslaus the Pious dies. Polish duke.
• 1498 – Vasco da Gama chega a Melinde.
• 1499 – Bula por la que el papa Alejandro VI autoriza al Cardenal Cisneros la creación de la Universidad de Alcalá de Henares.
• 1506 – Peter Faber was born (d. 1546). French Jesuit theologian.
• 1516 – D. Isabel, Queen of Portugal (wife of King D. Dinis) is beatified by Pope Leon X
• 1519 – Catherine de Medici was born in Florence (d. 1589). Queen of France (1547-1559).
• 1547 – Elisabeth of Valois was born (d. 1568). Third wife of Philip II of Spain.
• 1556 – Portuguese Marranos who revert back to Judaism burned by order of Pope.
• 1570 – Guy Fawkes was born (d. 1606). English catholic conspirator (Gunpowder Plot).
• 1573 – Christina of Holstein-Gottorp was born (d. 1625). Queen consort of Sweden
• 1584 – Albert VI of Bavaria was born (d. 1666).
• 1593 – Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford was born (d. 1641). English statesman.
• 1598 – King Henry IV of France issues the Edict of Nantes, allowing freedom of religion to the Huguenots.
• 1605 – Boris Godunov dies. Tsar of Russia.
• 1618 – Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy was born (d. 1693). French writer.
• 1635 – Fahkr-al-Din II dies executed. Druze Prince of Lebanon.
• 1638 – Henri, duc de Rohan dies (b. 1579). French Huguenot leader.
• 1641 – Richard Montagu dies (b. 1577). English clergyman.
• 1648 – Jeanne Marie Bouvier de la Motte Guyon was born (d. 1717). French mystic and one of the key advocates of Quietism.
• 1695 – Jean de la Fontaine dies (b. 1621). French author.
• 1713 – Frederick (Lord) North was born (d. 1792). George III‘s sixth prime minister.
• 1715 – John Hanson was born (d. 1783). President of the United States in Congress Assembled.
• 1722 – Charles Leslie dies (b. 1650). Irish Anglican theologian.
• 1729 – Thomas Percy was born (d.1811). Bishop of Dromore and magazine editor.
• 1732 – Frederick North was born (d. 1792). British politician.
• 1735 – Isaac Low was born (d. 1791). New York delegate to the Continental Congress.
• 1742 – George Frideric Handel‘s oratorio Messiah makes its world-premiere in Dublin, Ireland.
• 1743 – Thomas Jefferson was born (d. 1826). 3rd President of the United States.
• 1747 – Louis Philip II, Duke of Orléans was born (d. 1793).
• 1764 – Giacomo Guardi was born (d. 03 Nov 1835). Italian artist.
• 1764 – Laurent, Marquis de Gouvion Saint-Cyr was born (d. 1830). French marshal.
• 1769 – Thomas Lawrence was born (d. 07 Jan 1830). English painter.
• 1771 – Richard Trevithick was born (d. 1833). Mechanical engineer and developer of the first locomotive.
• 1774 – Goethe’s Götz premieres – The five-act drama “Götz von Berlichingen with the Iron Hand” premiered in Berlin.
• 1780 – Alexander Mitchell was born (d. 1868). Irish engineer.
• 1784 – Friedrich Graf von Wrangel was born (d. 1877). Prussian field marshal.
• 1787 – John Robertson was born (d. 1873). U.S. congressman.
• 1793 – Pierre Gaspard Chaumette dies (b. 1763). French revolutionary.
• 1794 – Nicolas Chamfort dies (b. 1741). French writer.
• 1793 – Pierre Gaspard Chaumette dies (b. 1763). French revolutionary.
• 1800 – Ludwig Hess dies (b. 16 Oct 1760). Swiss artist.
• 1802 – Leopold Fitzinger was born (d. 1884). Austrian zoologist.
• 1806 – Jean-Jacques Bachelier dies (b. 1724). French painter, writer and administrator.
• 1808 – Antonio Meucci was born (d. 1896). Italian Inventor.
• 1812 – Reverend Abraham Pether dies (b. 1576). British landscape painter.
• 1816 – William Sterndale Bennett was born. English composer.
• 1824 – William Holbrook Beard was born (d. 20 Feb 1900). US painter specialized in Animals.
• 1825 – Thomas D’Arcy McGee was born (d. 1868). Canadian journalist and politician.
• 1826 – Franz Danzi dies (b. 1763). German composer.
• 1828 – Joseph Barber Lightfoot was born (d. 1889). English theol)ogian and Bishop of Durham.
• 1829 – The British Parliament grants freedom of religion to Roman Catholics.
• 1830 – Sir Thomas Lawrence was born in Bristol, England. One of the foremost English portrait painters of his days.
• 1832 – Juan Montalvo was born (d. 1889). Ecuadoran author.
• 1841 – Louis-Ernest Barrias was born (d. 1905). French sculptor.
• 1846 – Teatro Nacional D. Maria II is inaugurated in Lisbon (Portugal).
• 1847 – Eduardo Sivori was born in Buenos Aires. Argentine painter.
• 1848 – A Sicília declara-se independente de Nápoles.
• 1849 – Hungary becomes a republic.
• 1850 – Arthur Matthew Weld Downing was born (d. 1917). British astronomer.
• 1851 – Robert Abbe was born (d. 1928). American surgeon.
• 1852 – F. W. Woolworth was born (d. 1919). American merchant/businessman, founder of Woolworth’s.
• 1853 – James Iredell, Jr. dies (b. 1788). Governor of North Carolina.
• 1853 – Leopold Gmelin dies (b. 1788). German chemist.
• 1855 – Henry De la Beche dies (b. 1796). English geologist.
• 1855 – La antigua iglesia de Ayerbe, Nuestra Señora del Remedio, se inauguró como parroquia de San Pedro.
• 1855 – Henry De la Beche dies (b. 1796). English geologist.
• 1858 – Carl Georg Adolph Hasenpflug dies (b. 03 Sep 1802). German artist.
• 1860 – James Ensor was born (d. 19 Nov 1949). Belgian Expressionist painter.
• 1861 – American Civil War: Fort Sumter surrenders.
• 1866 – Butch Cassidy was born (d. 1908). American Wild West outlaw.
• 1868 – Abyssinian War ends as British and Indian troops capture Magdala.
• 1868 – Tewodros II dies (b. 1818). Emperor of Ethiopia.
• 1869 – Steam power brake patented (George Westinghouse).
• 1870 – Metropolitan Museum of Art forms in New York City.
• 1870 – Augustin Alexandre Thierrat dies (b. 10 Mar 1789). French artist.
• 1872 – Alexander Roda Roda was born (d.1945). Austrian writer.
• 1873 – Colfax Massacre.
• 1873 – John W. Davis was born (d. 1955). American politician.
• 1873 – Colfax Massacre.
• 1875 – Ray Lyman Wilbur was born (d. 1949). 31st United States Secretary of the Interior.
• 1878 – Bror Julius Olsson Nordfeldt, was born (d. 1955). Swedish US artist.
• 1879 – Edward Bruce was born (d. 1943). Director of the New Deal art projects during the Great Depression.
• 1880 – Charles Christie was born (d. 1955). Canadian pioneer film studio owner in Hollywood.
• 1880 – Robert Fortune dies (b. 1813). Scottish botanist.
• 1881 – Ludwig Binswanger was born (d. 1966). Swiss existential psychiatrist.
• 1882 – Bruno Bauer dies (b. 1809). German theologian.
• 1883 – Alferd Packer is convicted of murder.
• 1885 – Georg Lukács was born (d. 1971). Hungarian-born philosopher and literary critic.
• 1885 – Vean Gregg was born (d. 1964). American baseball player.
• 1886 – Sidney Richard Williams Percy, dies (b. 1821). British artist born.
• 1887 – Gordon S. Fahrni was born (d. 1995). Canadian physician and President of the Canadian Medical Association.
• 1889 – Herbert Osborne Yardley was born (d.1958). American cryptographer.
• 1890 – Frank Murphy was born (d. 1949). American public servant.
• 1890 – Samuel J. Randall dies (b. 1828). Speaker of the United States House of Representatives.
• 1891 – Nella Larsen was born (d. 1964). African-American novelist.
• 1891 – Maurice Vincent Buckley was born (d. 1921). Australian winner of the Victoria Cross.
• 1892 – Sir Robert Alexander Watson-Watt was born (d. 1973). Inventor of Radar.
• 1892 – Arthur Travers ‘Bomber’ Harris was born (d. 1984). Commander of RAF’s Bomber Command in World War II.
• 1894 – Arthur Fadden was born (d. 1973). Thirteenth Prime Minister of Australia.
• 1897 – Werner Voss was born (d.1917). WWI German flying ace.
• 1899 – Alfred Mosher Butts was born (d. 1993). American architect and inventor of the Scrabble
• 1900 – Pierre Molinier was born (d. 1976). French painter and photographer.
• 1901 – Jacques Lacan was born (d. 1981). French psychoanalyst and semantician.
• 1902 – James C. Penney opens his first store in Kemmerer, Wyoming.
• 1902 – Philippe de Rothschild was born (d. 1988). French Grand Prix race-car driver and wine grower.
• 1904 – Sir David Robinson was born (d. 1987). British philanthropist and entrepreneur.
• 1904 – Vasily Vasil’yevich Vereshchagin dies (b. 26 Oct 1842). Russian painter.
• 1906 – Samuel Beckett was born (d. 1989). Irish writer, winner of the Nobel Prize in literature – 1906.
• 1906 – Bud Freeman was born (d. 1991). American jazz musician.
• 1907 – Harold E. Stassen was born. Frequent candidate for President of the United States.
• 1908 – Franz von Leydig dies. German zoologist.
• 1908 – Martín Rico y Ortega dies (b. 12 Nov 1833). Spanish painter and engraver born.
• 1909 – Stanislaw Marcin Ulam was born (d. 1984). Polish mathematician.
• 1909 – Eudora Welty was born (d. 2001). American writer, winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction -1973.
• 1909 – Whitley Stokes dies (b. 1830). British lawyer.
• 1910 – William Quiller Orchardson dies (b. 27 Mar 1832). Scottish painter.
• 1911 – Ico Hitrec was born (d. 1946). Croatian footballer.
• 1911 – Jean-Louis Lévesque was born (d. 1994). Canadian entrepreneur, racehorse owner and philanthropist.
• 1911 – George Washington Glick dies (b. 1827). Governor of Kansas.
• 1911 – John McLane dies (b. 1852). Governor of New Hampshire.
• 1911 – William Castle Keith dies (b. 21 Nov 1838). Scottish US painter, specialized in Landscapes.
• 1912 – The British Royal Flying Corps (RAF) was created by Royal Charter.
• 1912 – Ishikawa Takuboku dies (b.1886). Japanese author.
• 1913 – Fracassa a tentativa de assassinato do rei Afonso XIII da Espanha por anarquistas.
• 1916 – Phyllis Fraser Cerf Wagner was born (d. 2006). American actress, journalist, and children’s book publisher.
• 1917 – O Brasil confisca navios alemães ancorados em seus portos.
• 1918 – Lavr Georgevich Kornilov dies (b. 1870). Russian general.
• 1919 – Brasil : Em uma nova eleição presidencial, Epitácio Pessoa derrota Ruy Barbosa.
• 1919 – The Establishment of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.
• 1919 – Jallianwala Bagh massacre: British troops massacre at least 379 unarmed demonstrators in Amritsar, India.
• 1919 – Howard Keel was born (d. 2004). Actor, singer, former president of the Screen Actors Guild.
• 1919 – Roland Gaucher was born. French journalist.
• 1919 – Madalyn Murray O’Hair was born. American atheist.
• 1920 – Roberto Calvi was born (d. 1982). Italian banker.
• 1920 – Liam Cosgrave was born. Fifth Taoiseach of Ireland.
• 1920 – John LaPorta was born. American jazz musician.
• 1920 – Claude Cheysson was born. French politician.
• 1921 – Foundation of the Spanish Communist Workers’ Party.
• 1922 – John Braine was born (d. 1986). British novelist.
• 1922 – Julius Nyerere was born (d. 1999). Tanzanian politician.
• 1922 – Ivone Lara was born. Brazilian composer and sambist.
• 1923 – Don Adams was born (d. 2005). American actor and comedian (Get Smart).
• 1923 – Fernando Lázaro Carreter was born. Spanish philologist.
• 1924 – AEK Athens FC is established in Constantinople.
• 1924 – Stanley Donen was born. American film director.
• 1924 – Jack Chick was born. American evangelist.
• 1925 – Elwood Haynes dies. Automobile pioneer.
• 1926 – John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough was born.
• 1926 – Ellie Lambeti was born. Greek actress.
• 1927 – Maurice Ronet was born (d. 1983). French film actor.
• 1928 – Alan Clark was born (d. 1999). British politician.
• 1931 – Dan Gurney was born. American race car driver.
• 1931 – Robert Enrico was born (d. 2001). French film director and screenwriter.
• 1932 – Vito Dumas “el Navegante Solitario” termina su primera gran hazaña: logra unir Francia con Argentina en un viaje de 74 días a través del océano Atlántico.
• 1932 – Orlando Letelier was born (d. 1976). Chilean politician.
• 1933 – Ben Nighthorse Campbell was born. American senator.
• 1935 – Lyle Waggoner was born. American actor.
• 1937 – Carlos Avilez was born. Portuguese actor and teathre director.
• 1937 – Lanford Wilson was born. American playwright.
• 1937 – Edward Fox was born. English actor.
• 1938 – Grey Owl dies (b. 1888). Proponent of nature conservation.
• 1939 – In India, the Hindustani Lal Sena (Indian Red Army) is formed and vows to engage in armed struggle against the British.
• 1939 – Paul Sorvino was born. American actor.
• 1939 – Seamus Heaney was born. Irish poet, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1941 – Pact of neutrality between the USSR and Japan is signed.
• 1941 – Michael Stuart Brown was born. American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
• 1941 – Annie Jump Cannon dies (b. 1863). American astronomer.
• 1943 – World War II: The discovery of a mass grave of Polish prisoners-of-war executed by Soviet forces in the Katyń Forest Massacre was announced in Germany, driving a wedge between the Western Allies, the Polish government-in-exile in London, and the Soviet Union.
• 1943 – James Boarman, Fred Hunter, Harold Brest and Floyd G. Hamilton take part in Alcatraz escape attempt.
• 1943 – The Jefferson Memorial is dedicated in Washington, DC, on the 200th anniversary of Thomas Jefferson‘s birth.
• 1943 – Bill Conti was born. American musical director.
• 1944 – The diplomatic relations between New Zealand and the Soviet Union were established.
• 1944 – Jack Casady was born. American musician (“Jefferson Airplane“).
• 1944 – Susan Davis was born. American politician.
• 1944 – Brian Pendleton was born (d. 2001). Musician, The Pretty Things.
• 1944 – Cécile Chaminade dies (b. 1857). French composer and pianist.
• 1945 – German troops massacre more than 1000 political and military prisoners in Gardelegen Germany. The atrocity is discovered two days later by American forces.
• 1945 – Bob Kalsu was born (d. 1970). American football player.
• 1945 – Tony Dow was born. American actor.
• 1945 – Lowell George was born (d. 1979). American country/rock singer/guitarist (Little Feat).
• 1945 – Red Army occupy Wien (Vienna) .
• 1945 – Ferreira do Amaral was born. Portuguese politician.
• 1945 – Ernst Cassirer dies (b. 1874). German philosopher.
• 1946 – Fernando Gomes was born. Portuguese politician.
• 1946 – Al Green was born. American soul singer and pastor.
• 1947 – Thanos Mikroutsikos was born. Greek composer and former minister.
• 1947 – Jerónimo de Sousa was born. Portuguese politician, Secretary-General of Communist Party (Partido Comunista Português).
• 1948 – Mário Crespo was born. Portuguese journalist.
• 1948 – Sue Doughty was born. Iritish politician.
• 1948 – Joschka Fischer (Joseph Martin Fischer) was born. German politician and Federal Minister of Foreign Affairs.
• 1948 – Nam Hae-il was born. Chief of Naval Operations of Republic of Korea Navy.
• 1949 – Christopher Hitchens was born. English-born journalist, critic and author.
• 1949 – Jean-Jacques Favier was born. Payload specialist.
• 1949 – Frank Doran was born. Scottish politician.
• 1950 – Terry Lester was born (d. 2003). American actor.
• 1950 – Ron Perlman was born. American actor.
• 1950 – William Sadler was born. American actor.
• 1951 – Peabo Bryson was born. American pop singer.
• 1951 – Peter Davison was born. English actor and the fifth Doctor Who.
• 1951 – Max Weinberg was born. American drummer.
• 1951 – Joachim Streich was born. East German footballer.
• 1952 – Erick Avari was born. British-Indian actor.
• 1952 – David Drew was born. British politician.
• 1952 – Ron Dittemore was born. American NASA shuttle program manager.
• 1953 – CIA director Allen Dulles launches the mind controle program MKULTRA.
• 1953 – Stephen Byers was born. British politician.
• 1954 – Roberto Dinamite was born. Brazilian footballer (Clube de Regatas Vasco da Gama).
• 1954 – Jimmy Destri was born. Musician.
• 1954 – Niels Olsen was born. Danish singer and Eurovision Song Contest winner.
• 1955 – Ole von Beust was born. Mayor of Hamburg.
• 1955 – Lupe Pintor was born. Mexican boxer.
• 1956 – Alison Wheeler was born. British activist.
• 1956 – Peter ‘Possum’ Bourne was born (d. 2003). Australian Rally Driver.
• 1957 – 11th Tony Awards: Long Days Journey into the Night and My Fair Lady win.
• 1957 – Saundra Santiago was born. American actress.
• 1957 – Dallas Moir was born. Scottish cricketer.
• 1958 – 12th Tony Awards: Sunrise at Campobello and Music Man win.
• 1959 – Um édito do Vaticano proíbe os católicos romanos de votarem a favor do comunismo.
• 1959 – Eduard van Beinum dies (b. 1901). Dutch conductor.
• 1960 – Rudi Völler was born. Former German football player and national football coach.
• 1960 – Olaf Ludwig was born. German cyclist.
• 1961 – Army Pfc. John A. Bennett dies (executed).
• 1962 – Hillel Slovak was born (d. 1988). Israeli-born guitarist (Red Hot Chili Peppers).
• 1962 – Jennifer Rubin was born. American actress.
• 1962 – Ahti Karjalainen assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro da Finlândia.
• 1962 – Culbert Olson dies (b. 1876). Governor of California.
• 1963 – Garry Kasparov was born. Russian Chess grandmaster.
• 1964 – Caroline Rhea was born. Canadian actress.
• 1964 – 36th Academy Awards – “Tom Jones,” Sidney Poitier and Patricia Neal win. Sidney Poitier has become the first black person to win the best actor Oscar.
• 1964 – Ian D. Smith becomes premier of Rhodesia.
• 1965 – Patricio Pouchulu was born. Argentinean architect.
• 1966 – Marc Ford was born. American musician (The Black Crowes).
• 1966 – Carlo Dalmazzo Carrà dies (b. 11 Feb 1881). Italian Futurist painter, critic and writer.
• 1966 – Abdul Salam Arif dies (b. 1921). President of Iraq.
• 1966 – Georges Duhamel dies (b. 1884). French writer.
• 1967 – Elisabete Cunha was born. Brazilian Encanto‘s webmaster.
• 1967 – Luis Somoza Debayle dies at 44. President of Nicaragua (1956-63).
• 1969 – 33rd Golf Masters Championship: George Archer wins, shooting a 281.
• 1969 – Closure of the Brisbane tramway network.
• 1970 – An oxygen tank aboard Apollo 13 explodes, putting the crew into deadly peril. The explosion occurred on April 14th in several time zones.
• 1970 – 34th Golf Masters Championship: Billy Casper wins, shooting a 279.
• 1970 – Rick Schroder was born. American actor.
• 1970 – Rebecca Cummings was born. American porn star.
• 1970 – Gerry Creaney was born. Scottish footballer.
• 1971 – Bo Outlaw was born. American basketball player.
• 1971 – Dina Korzun was born. Russian actress.
• 1971 – Valensia was born. Dutch singer.
• 1971 – Michel Brière dies (b. 1949). French Canadian ice hockey player.
• 1972 – Mariusz Czerkawski was born. Polish ice hockey player.
• 1972 – Aaron Lewis was born. American singer.
• 1972 – The Universal Postal Union decides to recognize the People’s Republic of China as the only legitimate Chinese representative, effectively expelling the Republic of China administering Taiwan.
• 1973 – The Film “Friday the 13th” is based on this day.
• 1974 – Western Union (in cooperation with NASA and Hughes Aircraft) launches the USA’s first commercial geosynchronous communications satellite, Westar 1.
• 1974 – Sergei Gonchar was born. Russian hockey player.
• 1974 – David Zdrilić was born. Australian footballer.
• 1975 – Bus Massacre in Lebanon : Attack by Phalangist militia gunmen kills 27 Palestinian civilians and marks the start of the 15-year Lebanese civil war.
• 1975 – Lou Bega was born. German-born musician and artist.
• 1975 – Bruce Dyer was born. English footballer.
• 1975 – 39th Golf Masters Championship: Jack Nicklaus wins, shooting a 276.
• 1975 – Chad military coup by General Odingar.
• 1975 – François (Ngarta) Tombalbaye dies (b. 1918). First president of Chad.
• 1975 – Larry Parks dies (b. 1914). American actor.
• 1976 – Jonathan Brandis was born (d. 2003). American actor.
• 1976 – Patrik Elias was born. Czech ice hockey player.
• 1976 – Jonathan Brandis was born (d. 2003). American actor.
• 1976 – Patrik Elias was born. Czech ice hockey player.
• 1976 – Yoo Ji-tae was born. South Korean actor.
• 1978 – Arron Asham was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
• 1978 – Carles Puyol was born. Spanish football player (FC Barcelona and National team).
• 1978 – Kyle Howard was born. American television and movie actor.
• 1978 – Sylvie van der Vaart wa born im Beda. Dutch actress and model.
• 1978 – Jack Chambers dies (b. 1931). Canadian artist and film maker.
• 1979 – Baron Davis was born. American basketball player.
• 1979 – Meghann Shaughnessy was born. American professional tennis player.
• 1980 – 44th Golf Masters Championship: Seve Ballesteros wins, shooting a 275 .
• 1980 – Jana Cova was born. Czech pornographic actress.
• 1980 – Quentin Richardson was born. American basketball player.
• 1981 – Pulitzer prize awarded to Beth Henley for “Crimes of the Heart”.
• 1981 – Asaka Yasuhiko dies (b. 1887). Member of the Japanese imperial family.
• 1982 – Bruno Gagliasso (Bruno Gagliasso Marques) was born in Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Brazilian actor.
• 1982 – Nellie McKay was born. American singer.
• 1982 – Janice Vidal was born. Hong Kong singer.
• 1982 – Jill Vidal was born. Hong Kong singer, Janice Vidal’s twin sister.
• 1983 – Mercè Rodoreda dies. Spanish writer.
• 1983 – Harold Washington is elected as the first African-American mayor in Chicago‘s history.
• 1983 – Schalk Burger was born. South African rugby player.
• 1983 – Theodore Stephanides dies (b. 1896). Greek poet, author, doctor and naturalist.
• 1984 – Pete Rose becomes the first player in National League history to collect 4,000 hits.
• 1984 – India moves into Siachen Glacier thus annexed more territory from the Line of Control.
• 1984 – Ralph Kirkpatrick dies (b. 1911). American musician.
• 1984 – Richard Hurndall dies (b. 1910). British actor.
• 1985 – Enver Hoxha is succeeded by Ramiz Alia as the leader of Albania.
• 1986 – Jack Nicklaus wins his sixth Masters Tournament.
• 1986 – O Papa João Paulo II visita a Sinagoga de Roma, primeira visita papal registrada à uma sinagoga.
• 1986 – 50th Golf Masters Championship: Jack Nicklaus wins, shooting a 279.
• 1987 – Portugal and China sign an agreement in which the island of Macao would be returned to China in 1999.
• 1988 – Italy government of De Mita forms.
• 1988 – Anderson was born. Brazilian footballer (Manchester United FC).
• 1989 – At least six Palestinians have been killed in an early morning raid by Israeli soldiers on an Arab village on the West Bank.
• 1989 – D. António Ferreira Gomes dies (b. 1906). Portuguese bishop (Bishop of Oporto).
• 1990 – The Soviet Union admits to committing the Katyn Massacre.
• 1992 – U. K. : Neil Kinnock resigns as British Labour leader following the party’s defeat by the Conservatives in the general election four days earlier.
• 1992 – First episode of Crayon Shinchan is aired.
• 1992 – Emma Degerstedt was born. American actress.
• 1993 – Baseball: Lee Smith passes Jeff Reardon for first on the all-time saves list with his 358th save in a 9-7 win over the Los Angeles Dodgers.
• 1993 – Wallace Stegner dies of a car accident (b. 1909). American writer.
• 1995 – Mais de mil jovens portugueses manifestam-se em Vila Nova de Foz Côa contra a construção da barragem e em defesa da preservação de pinturas rupestres pré-históricas.
• 1996 – Denis Sargan dies at 71. Econometrician.
• 1997 – Sloane Momsen was born. American child actress.
• 1997 – Tiger Woods becomes the youngest golfer to win the Masters Tournament 1997 61st Golf Masters Championship: Tiger Woods at 21 (270 18 under par).
• 1997 – George Wald dies. Biologist, Nobel Prize winner for discovering vitamin A in the retina.
• 1997 – Dorothy Frooks dies (b. 1896). American author, publisher, military figure, and actress.
• 1997 – Voldemar Väli dies (b. 1903). Estonian wrestler, Olympic medalist.
• 1997 – Baseball: For the first time in 36 years, two doubleheader games are between the same pairs of cities on the same day. The San Francisco Giants v New York Mets and New York Yankees v Oakland Athletics.
• 1999 – Ortvin Sarapu dies (b. 1924). New Zealand chess player “Mr NZ Chess”.
• 1999 – Willi Stoph dies. East Germany politician.
• 2000 – Giorgio Bassani dies (b. 1916). Italian writer.
• 2001 – Robert Moon dies (b. 1917). American postal inspector and “Father” of the ZIP Code.
• 2002 – Desmond Titterington dies (b. 1928). Northern Irish racecar driver.
• 2002 – Damon Knight dies (b. 1922). Science fiction author.
• 2002 – Jon Gustafson dies. Editor.
• 2002 – The Venezuelan coup attempt of 2002 ends. President Hugo Chávez of Venezuela returns / Hugo Chávez reassume a presidência da Venezuela (deposto em 11 Abr 2002).
• 2002 – Desmond Titterington dies (b. 1928). Northern Irish racecar driver
• 2003 – Mike Weir becomes first Canadian and first leftie to win the golf Masters Tournament
• 2003 – British Paula Radcliffe wins London Marathon (women).
• 2003 – Ethyopian Gezahegne Abera wins London Marathon (men).
• 2004 – Lou Berberet dies (b. 1929). Baseball player.
• 2004 – Caron Keating dies (b. 1962). British television presenter.
• 2005 – Johnnie Johnson dies (b. 1924). American blues musician.
• 2005 – Don Blasingame dies (b. 1932). Baseball player.
• 2005 – Johnny Loughrey dies (b. 1945). Irish singer.
• 2005 – Philippe Volter dies (b. 195). Belgian actor.
• 2006 – Bill Baker dies (b. 1911). Baseball player.
• 2007 – Don Selwyn die (b. c. 1936). Māori actor and film director.
• First day of Thai New Year.
• First day of Cambodian New Year.
• First day of Lao New Year.
• Vaisakhi.
• The Feast Day of St. Martin the Confessor in the Greek Orthodox Church.
• Aerosmith Day is celebrated in Massachusetts.
• In the Catholic Church: Saint Martinus I, Saint Hermenegild, Caradoc, Carpus, Maximus, Blessed Ida of Boulogne
• Kiss Day (Brazil) / Dia do Beijo (Brasil).

On this day in History – Abr. 13

• 0585 – Saint Hermenegild dies.
• 0799 – Paul the Deacon dies (b. ca 720). Monk and chronicler.
• 0814 – Krum dies. Khan of Bulgaria .
• 1055 – Bishop Gebhard van Eichstatt is consecrated Pope Victor II
• 1059 – O Papa Nicolau II lança um decreto sobre a eleição dos papas, declarando que apenas cardeais devem ter poder de elegê-los.
• 1093 – Vsevolod I of Kiev dies (b. 1093) .
• 1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor .
• 1180 – Frederick Barbarossa issues the Gelnhausen Charter .
• 1204 – The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople .
• 1241 – Battle at Theiss: Mongols beat Hungarian King Bela IV .
• 1250 – The Seventh Crusade is defeated in Egypt, Louis IX of France is captured.
• 1256 – The Grand Union of the Augustinian order when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull Licet ecclesiae catholicae.
• 1279 – Boleslaus the Pious dies. Polish duke .
• 1498 – Vasco da Gama chega a Melinde .
• 1499 – Bula por la que el papa Alejandro VI autoriza al Cardenal Cisneros la creación de la Universidad de Alcalá de Henares .
• 1506 – Peter Faber was born (d. 1546). French Jesuit theologian.
• 1516 – D. Isabel, Queen of Portugal (wife of King D. Dinis) is beatified by Pope Leon X
• 1519 – Catherine de Medici was born in Florence (d. 1589). Queen of France (1547-1559).
• 1547 – Elisabeth of Valois was born (d. 1568). Third wife of Philip II of Spain.
• 1556 – Portuguese Marranos who revert back to Judaism burned by order of Pope.
• 1570 – Guy Fawkes was born (d. 1606). English catholic conspirator (Gunpowder Plot).
• 1573 – Christina of Holstein-Gottorp was born (d. 1625). Queen consort of Sweden
• 1584 – Albert VI of Bavaria was born (d. 1666)
• 1593 – Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford was born (d. 1641). English statesman.
• 1598 – King Henry IV of France issues the Edict of Nantes, allowing freedom of religion to the Huguenots .
• 1605 – Boris Godunov dies. Tsar of Russia.
• 1618 – Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy was born (d. 1693). French writer.
• 1635 – Fahkr-al-Din II dies executed. Druze Prince of Lebanon.
• 1638 – Henri, duc de Rohan dies (b. 1579). French Huguenot leader.
• 1641 – Richard Montagu dies (b. 1577). English clergyman.
• 1648 – Jeanne Marie Bouvier de la Motte Guyon was born (d. 1717). French mystic and one of the key advocates of Quietism.
• 1695 – Jean de la Fontaine dies (b. 1621). French author .
• 1713 – Frederick (Lord) North was born (d. 1792). George III‘s sixth prime minister
• 1715 – John Hanson was born (d. 1783). President of the United States in Congress Assembled.
• 1722 – Charles Leslie dies (b. 1650). Irish Anglican theologian.
• 1729 – Thomas Percy was born (d.1811). Bishop of Dromore and magazine editor.
• 1732 – Frederick North was born (d. 1792). British politician.
• 1735 – Isaac Low was born (d. 1791). New York delegate to the Continental Congress.
• 1742 – George Frideric Handel‘s oratorio Messiah makes its world-premiere in Dublin, Ireland
• 1743 – Thomas Jefferson was born (d. 1826). 3rd President of the United States .
• 1747 – Louis Philip II, Duke of Orléans was born (d. 1793).
• 1764 – Giacomo Guardi was born (d. 03 Nov 1835). Italian artist.
• 1764 – Laurent, Marquis de Gouvion Saint-Cyr was born (d. 1830). French marshal.
• 1769 – Thomas Lawrence was born (d. 07 Jan 1830). English painter.
• 1771 – Richard Trevithick was born (d. 1833). Mechanical engineer and developer of the first locomotive.
• 1774 – Goethe’s Götz premieres – The five-act drama “Götz von Berlichingen with the Iron Hand” premiered in Berlin
• 1780 – Alexander Mitchell was born (d. 1868). Irish engineer.
• 1784 – Friedrich Graf von Wrangel was born (d. 1877). Prussian field marshal.
• 1787 – John Robertson was born (d. 1873). U.S. congressman.
• 1793 – Pierre Gaspard Chaumette dies (b. 1763). French revolutionary.
• 1794 – Nicolas Chamfort dies (b. 1741). French writer.
• 1793 – Pierre Gaspard Chaumette dies (b. 1763). French revolutionary.
• 1800 – Ludwig Hess dies (b. 16 Oct 1760). Swiss artist.
• 1802 – Leopold Fitzinger was born (d. 1884). Austrian zoologist.
• 1806 – Jean-Jacques Bachelier dies (b. 1724). French painter, writer and administrator.
• 1808 – Antonio Meucci was born (d. 1896). Italian Inventor.
• 1812 – Reverend Abraham Pether dies (b. 1576). British landscape painter.
• 1816 – William Sterndale Bennett was born. English composer.
• 1824 – William Holbrook Beard was born (d. 20 Feb 1900). US painter specialized in Animals.
• 1825 – Thomas D’Arcy McGee was born (d. 1868). Canadian journalist and politician.
• 1826 – Franz Danzi dies (b. 1763). German composer.
• 1828 – Joseph Barber Lightfoot was born (d. 1889). English theol)ogian and Bishop of Durham.
• 1829 – The British Parliament grants freedom of religion to Roman Catholics
• 1830 – Sir Thomas Lawrence was born in Bristol, England. One of the foremost English portrait painters of his days.
• 1832 – Juan Montalvo was born (d. 1889). Ecuadoran author.
• 1841 – Louis-Ernest Barrias was born (d. 1905). French sculptor.
• 1846 – Teatro Nacional D. Maria II is inaugurated in Lisbon (Portugal).
• 1847 – Eduardo Sivori was born in Buenos Aires. Argentine painter.
• 1848 – A Sicília declara-se independente de Nápoles.
• 1849 – Hungary becomes a republic.
• 1850 – Arthur Matthew Weld Downing was born (d. 1917). British astronomer.
• 1851 – Robert Abbe was born (d. 1928). American surgeon.
• 1852 – F. W. Woolworth was born (d. 1919). American merchant/businessman, founder of Woolworth’s.
• 1853 – James Iredell, Jr. dies (b. 1788). Governor of North Carolina.
• 1853 – Leopold Gmelin dies (b. 1788). German chemist .
• 1855 – Henry De la Beche dies (b. 1796). English geologist.
• 1855 – La antigua iglesia de Ayerbe, Nuestra Señora del Remedio, se inauguró como parroquia de San Pedro.
• 1855 – Henry De la Beche dies (b. 1796). English geologist.
• 1858 – Carl Georg Adolph Hasenpflug dies (b. 03 Sep 1802). German artist.
• 1860 – James Ensor was born (d. 19 Nov 1949). Belgian Expressionist painter.
• 1861 – American Civil War: Fort Sumter surrenders.
• 1866 – Butch Cassidy was born (d. 1908). American Wild West outlaw.
• 1868 – Abyssinian War ends as British and Indian troops capture Magdala.
• 1868 – Tewodros II dies (b. 1818). Emperor of Ethiopia.
• 1869 – Steam power brake patented (George Westinghouse).
• 1870 – Metropolitan Museum of Art forms in New York City .
• 1870 – Augustin Alexandre Thierrat dies (b. 10 Mar 1789). French artist.
• 1872 – Alexander Roda Roda was born (d.1945). Austrian writer.
• 1873 – Colfax Massacre.
• 1873 – John W. Davis was born (d. 1955). American politician.
• 1873 – Colfax Massacre.
• 1875 – Ray Lyman Wilbur was born (d. 1949). 31st United States Secretary of the Interior.
• 1878 – Bror Julius Olsson Nordfeldt, was born (d. 1955). Swedish US artist .
• 1879 – Edward Bruce was born (d. 1943). Director of the New Deal art projects during the Great Depression.
• 1880 – Charles Christie was born (d. 1955). Canadian pioneer film studio owner in Hollywood.
• 1880 – Robert Fortune dies (b. 1813). Scottish botanist.
• 1881 – Ludwig Binswanger was born (d. 1966). Swiss existential psychiatrist.
• 1882 – Bruno Bauer dies (b. 1809). German theologian.
• 1883 – Alferd Packer is convicted of murder.
• 1885 – Georg Lukács was born (d. 1971). Hungarian-born philosopher and literary critic.
• 1885 – Vean Gregg was born (d. 1964). American baseball player.
• 1886 – Sidney Richard Williams Percy, dies (b. 1821). British artist born.
• 1887 – Gordon S. Fahrni was born (d. 1995). Canadian physician and President of the Canadian Medical Association.
• 1889 – Herbert Osborne Yardley was born (d.1958). American cryptographer.
• 1890 – Frank Murphy was born (d. 1949). American public servant.
• 1890 – Samuel J. Randall dies (b. 1828). Speaker of the United States House of Representatives.
• 1891 – Nella Larsen was born (d. 1964). African-American novelist.
• 1891 – Maurice Vincent Buckley was born (d. 1921). Australian winner of the Victoria Cross.
• 1892 – Sir Robert Alexander Watson-Watt was born (d. 1973). Inventor of Radar.
• 1892 – Arthur Travers ‘Bomber’ Harris was born (d. 1984). Commander of RAF’s Bomber Command in World War II.
• 1894 – Arthur Fadden was born (d. 1973). Thirteenth Prime Minister of Australia.
• 1897 – Werner Voss was born (d.1917). WWI German flying ace.
• 1899 – Alfred Mosher Butts was born (d. 1993). American architect and inventor of the Scrabble
• 1900 – Pierre Molinier was born (d. 1976). French painter and photographer.
• 1901 – Jacques Lacan was born (d. 1981). French psychoanalyst and semantician.
• 1902 – James C. Penney opens his first store in Kemmerer, Wyoming.
• 1902 – Philippe de Rothschild was born (d. 1988). French Grand Prix race-car driver and wine grower.
• 1904 – Sir David Robinson was born (d. 1987). British philanthropist and entrepreneur.
• 1904 – Vasily Vasil’yevich Vereshchagin dies (b. 26 Oct 1842). Russian painter.
• 1906 – Samuel Beckett was born (d. 1989). Irish writer, winner of the Nobel Prize in literature – 1906
• 1906 – Bud Freeman was born (d. 1991). American jazz musician.
• 1907 – Harold E. Stassen was born. Frequent candidate for President of the United States.
• 1908 – Franz von Leydig dies. German zoologist
• 1908 – Martín Rico y Ortega dies (b. 12 Nov 1833). Spanish painter and engraver born.
• 1909 – Stanislaw Marcin Ulam was born (d. 1984). Polish mathematician.
• 1909 – Eudora Welty was born (d. 2001). American writer, winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction -1973
• 1909 – Whitley Stokes dies (b. 1830). British lawyer.
• 1910 – William Quiller Orchardson dies (b. 27 Mar 1832). Scottish painter.
• 1911 – Ico Hitrec was born (d. 1946). Croatian footballer.
• 1911 – Jean-Louis Lévesque was born (d. 1994). Canadian entrepreneur, racehorse owner and philanthropist.
• 1911 – George Washington Glick dies (b. 1827). Governor of Kansas.
• 1911 – John McLane dies (b. 1852). Governor of New Hampshire.
• 1911 – William Castle Keith dies (b. 21 Nov 1838). Scottish US painter, specialized in Landscapes.
• 1912 – The British Royal Flying Corps (RAF) was created by Royal Charter.
• 1912 – Ishikawa Takuboku dies (b.1886). Japanese author.
• 1913 – Fracassa a tentativa de assassinato do rei Afonso XIII da Espanha por anarquistas.
• 1916 – Phyllis Fraser Cerf Wagner was born (d. 2006). American actress, journalist, and children’s book publisher.
• 1917 – O Brasil confisca navios alemães ancorados em seus portos.
• 1918 – Lavr Georgevich Kornilov dies (b. 1870). Russian general.
• 1919 – Brasil : Em uma nova eleição presidencial, Epitácio Pessoa derrota Ruy Barbosa.
• 1919 – The Establishment of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
• 1919 – Jallianwala Bagh massacre: British troops massacre at least 379 unarmed demonstrators in Amritsar, India.
• 1919 – Howard Keel was born (d. 2004). Actor, singer, former president of the Screen Actors Guild.
• 1919 – Roland Gaucher was born. French journalist.
• 1919 – Madalyn Murray O’Hair was born. American atheist.
• 1920 – Roberto Calvi was born (d. 1982). Italian banker.
• 1920 – Liam Cosgrave was born. Fifth Taoiseach of Ireland.
• 1920 – John LaPorta was born. American jazz musician .
• 1920 – Claude Cheysson was born. French politician.
• 1921 – Foundation of the Spanish Communist Workers’ Party.
• 1922 – John Braine was born (d. 1986). British novelist.
• 1922 – Julius Nyerere was born (d. 1999). Tanzanian politician.
• 1922 – Ivone Lara was born. Brazilian composer and sambist.
• 1923 – Don Adams was born (d. 2005). American actor and comedian (Get Smart).
• 1923 – Fernando Lázaro Carreter was born. Spanish philologist.
• 1924 – AEK Athens FC is established in Constantinople.
• 1924 – Stanley Donen was born. American film director.
• 1924 – Jack Chick was born. American evangelist.
• 1925 – Elwood Haynes dies. Automobile pioneer.
• 1926 – John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough was born.
• 1926 – Ellie Lambeti was born. Greek actress
• 1927 – Maurice Ronet was born (d. 1983). French film actor.
• 1928 – Alan Clark was born (d. 1999). British politician.
• 1931 – Dan Gurney was born. American race car driver.
• 1931 – Robert Enrico was born (d. 2001). French film director and screenwriter.
• 1932 – Vito Dumas “el Navegante Solitario” termina su primera gran hazaña: logra unir Francia con Argentina en un viaje de 74 días a través del océano Atlántico.
• 1932 – Orlando Letelier was born (d. 1976). Chilean politician.
• 1933 – Ben Nighthorse Campbell was born. American senator.
• 1935 – Lyle Waggoner was born. American actor.
• 1937 – Carlos Avilez was born. Portuguese actor and teathre director.
• 1937 – Lanford Wilson was born. American playwright.
• 1937 – Edward Fox was born. English actor.
• 1938 – Grey Owl dies (b. 1888). Proponent of nature conservation.
• 1939 – In India, the Hindustani Lal Sena (Indian Red Army) is formed and vows to engage in armed struggle against the British.
• 1939 – Paul Sorvino was born. American actor.
• 1939 – Seamus Heaney was born. Irish poet, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1941 – Pact of neutrality between the USSR and Japan is signed.
• 1941 – Michael Stuart Brown was born. American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 1941 – Annie Jump Cannon dies (b. 1863). American astronomer.
• 1943 – World War II: The discovery of a mass grave of Polish prisoners-of-war executed by Soviet forces in the Katyń Forest Massacre was announced in Germany, driving a wedge between the Western Allies, the Polish government-in-exile in London, and the Soviet Union.
• 1943 – James Boarman, Fred Hunter, Harold Brest and Floyd G. Hamilton take part in Alcatraz escape attempt.
• 1943 – The Jefferson Memorial is dedicated in Washington, DC, on the 200th anniversary of Thomas Jefferson‘s birth.
• 1943 – Bill Conti was born. American musical director .
• 1944 – The diplomatic relations between New Zealand and the Soviet Union were established.
• 1944 – Jack Casady was born. American musician (“Jefferson Airplane“)
• 1944 – Susan Davis was born. American politician.
• 1944 – Brian Pendleton was born (d. 2001). Musician, The Pretty Things.
• 1944 – Cécile Chaminade dies (b. 1857). French composer and pianist.
• 1945 – German troops massacre more than 1000 political and military prisoners in Gardelegen Germany. The atrocity is discovered two days later by American forces.
• 1945 – Bob Kalsu was born (d. 1970). American football player .
• 1945 – Tony Dow was born. American actor.
• 1945 – Lowell George was born (d. 1979). American country/rock singer/guitarist (Little Feat).
• 1945 – Red Army occupy Wien (Vienna) .
• 1945 – Ferreira do Amaral was born. Portuguese politician.
• 1945 – Ernst Cassirer dies (b. 1874). German philosopher.
• 1946 – Fernando Gomes was born. Portuguese politician.
• 1946 – Al Green was born. American soul singer and pastor.
• 1947 – Thanos Mikroutsikos was born. Greek composer and former minister.
• 1947 – Jerónimo de Sousa was born. Portuguese politician, Secretary-General of Communist Party (Partido Comunista Português)
• 1948 – Mário Crespo was born. Portuguese journalist.
• 1948 – Sue Doughty was born. Iritish politician .
• 1948 – Joschka Fischer (Joseph Martin Fischer) was born. German politician and Federal Minister of Foreign Affairs.
• 1948 – Nam Hae-il was born. Chief of Naval Operations of Republic of Korea Navy
• 1949 – Christopher Hitchens was born. English-born journalist, critic, and author
• 1949 – Jean-Jacques Favier was born. Payload specialist .
• 1949 – Frank Doran was born. Scottish politician.
• 1950 – Terry Lester was born (d. 2003). American actor.
• 1950 – Ron Perlman was born. American actor.
• 1950 – William Sadler was born. American actor .
• 1951 – Peabo Bryson was born. American pop singer .
• 1951 – Peter Davison was born. English actor and the fifth Doctor Who .
• 1951 – Max Weinberg was born. American drummer.
• 1951 – Joachim Streich was born. East German footballer.
• 1952 – Erick Avari was born. British-Indian actor
• 1952 – David Drew was born. British politician.
• 1952 – Ron Dittemore was born. American NASA shuttle program manager .
• 1953 – CIA director Allen Dulles launches the mind controle program MKULTRA.
• 1953 – Stephen Byers was born. British politician.
• 1954 – Roberto Dinamite was born. Brazilian footballer (Clube de Regatas Vasco da Gama).
• 1954 – Jimmy Destri was born. Musician.
• 1954 – Niels Olsen was born. Danish singer and Eurovision Song Contest winner
• 1955 – Ole von Beust was born. Mayor of Hamburg .
• 1955 – Lupe Pintor was born. Mexican boxer .
• 1956 – Alison Wheeler was born. British activist .
• 1956 – Peter ‘Possum’ Bourne was born (d. 2003). Australian Rally Driver .
• 1957 – 11th Tony Awards: Long Days Journey into the Night and My Fair Lady win.
• 1957 – Saundra Santiago was born. American actress.
• 1957 – Dallas Moir was born. Scottish cricketer
• 1958 – 12th Tony Awards: Sunrise at Campobello and Music Man win.
• 1959 – Um édito do Vaticano proíbe os católicos romanos de votarem a favor do comunismo.
• 1959 – Eduard van Beinum dies (b. 1901). Dutch conductor.
• 1960 – Rudi Völler was born. Former German football player and national football coach.
• 1960 – Olaf Ludwig was born. German cyclist
• 1961 – Army Pfc. John A. Bennett dies (executed) .
• 1962 – Hillel Slovak was born (d. 1988). Israeli-born guitarist (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
• 1962 – Jennifer Rubin was born. American actress.
• 1962 – Ahti Karjalainen assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro da Finlândia.
• 1962 – Culbert Olson dies (b. 1876). Governor of California.
• 1963 – Garry Kasparov was born. Russian Chess grandmaster .
• 1964 – Caroline Rhea was born. Canadian actress.
• 1964 – 36th Academy Awards – “Tom Jones,” Sidney Poitier and Patricia Neal win. Sidney Poitier has become the first black person to win the best actor Oscar.
• 1964 – Ian D. Smith becomes premier of Rhodesia.
• 1965 – Patricio Pouchulu was born. Argentinean architect
• 1966 – Marc Ford was born. American musician (The Black Crowes)
• 1966 – Carlo Dalmazzo Carrà dies (b. 11 Feb 1881). Italian Futurist painter, critic and writer.
• 1966 – Abdul Salam Arif dies (b. 1921). President of Iraq.
• 1966 – Georges Duhamel dies (b. 1884). French writer.
• 1967 – Elisabete Cunha was born. Brazilian Encanto‘s webmaster.
• 1967 – Luis Somoza Debayle dies at 44. President of Nicaragua (1956-63).
• 1969 – 33rd Golf Masters Championship: George Archer wins, shooting a 281.
• 1969 – Closure of the Brisbane tramway network.
• 1970 – An oxygen tank aboard Apollo 13 explodes, putting the crew into deadly peril. The explosion occurred on April 14th in several time zones.
• 1970 – 34th Golf Masters Championship: Billy Casper wins, shooting a 279 .
• 1970 – Rick Schroder was born. American actor.
• 1970 – Rebecca Cummings was born. American porn star
• 1970 – Gerry Creaney was born. Scottish footballer.
• 1971 – Bo Outlaw was born. American basketball player.
• 1971 – Dina Korzun was born. Russian actress.
• 1971 – Valensia was born. Dutch singer.
• 1971 – Michel Brière dies (b. 1949). French Canadian ice hockey player.
• 1972 – Mariusz Czerkawski was born. Polish ice hockey player.
• 1972 – Aaron Lewis was born. American singer.
• 1972 – The Universal Postal Union decides to recognize the People’s Republic of China as the only legitimate Chinese representative, effectively expelling the Republic of China administering Taiwan.
• 1973 – The Film “Friday the 13th” is based on this day
• 1974 – Western Union (in cooperation with NASA and Hughes Aircraft) launches the USA’s first commercial geosynchronous communications satellite, Westar 1.
• 1974 – Sergei Gonchar was born. Russian hockey player.
• 1974 – David Zdrilić was born. Australian footballer.
• 1975 – Bus Massacre in Lebanon : Attack by Phalangist militia gunmen kills 27 Palestinian civilians and marks the start of the 15-year Lebanese civil war.
• 1975 – Lou Bega was born. German-born musician and artist.
• 1975 – Bruce Dyer was born. English footballer
• 1975 – 39th Golf Masters Championship: Jack Nicklaus wins, shooting a 276.
• 1975 – Chad military coup by General Odingar.
• 1975 – François (Ngarta) Tombalbaye dies (b. 1918). First president of Chad.
• 1975 – Larry Parks dies (b. 1914). American actor.
• 1976 – Jonathan Brandis was born (d. 2003). American actor.
• 1976 – Patrik Elias was born. Czech ice hockey player.
• 1976 – Jonathan Brandis was born (d. 2003). American actor.
• 1976 – Patrik Elias was born. Czech ice hockey player.
• 1976 – Yoo Ji-tae was born. South Korean actor.
• 1978 – Arron Asham was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
• 1978 – Carles Puyol was born. Spanish football player (FC Barcelona and National team)
• 1978 – Kyle Howard was born. American television and movie actor.
• 1978 – Sylvie van der Vaart wa born im Beda. Dutch actress and model.
• 1978 – Jack Chambers dies (b. 1931). Canadian artist and film maker.
• 1979 – Baron Davis was born. American basketball player.
• 1979 – Meghann Shaughnessy was born. American professional tennis player
• 1980 – 44th Golf Masters Championship: Seve Ballesteros wins, shooting a 275 .
• 1980 – Jana Cova was born. Czech pornographic actress
• 1980 – Quentin Richardson was born. American basketball player.
• 1981 – Pulitzer prize awarded to Beth Henley for “Crimes of the Heart” .
• 1981 – Asaka Yasuhiko dies (b. 1887). Member of the Japanese imperial family.
• 1982 – Bruno Gagliasso (Bruno Gagliasso Marques) was born in Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Brazilian actor.
• 1982 – Nellie McKay was born. American singer
• 1982 – Janice Vidal was born. Hong Kong singer
• 1982 – Jill Vidal was born. Hong Kong singer, Janice Vidal’s twin sister
• 1983 – Mercè Rodoreda dies. Spanish writer.
• 1983 – Harold Washington is elected as the first African-American mayor in Chicago‘s history.
• 1983 – Schalk Burger was born. South African rugby player
• 1983 – Theodore Stephanides dies (b. 1896). Greek poet, author, doctor and naturalist.
• 1984 – Pete Rose becomes the first player in National League history to collect 4,000 hits.
• 1984 – India moves into Siachen Glacier thus annexed more territory from the Line of Control.
• 1984 – Ralph Kirkpatrick dies (b. 1911). American musician.
• 1984 – Richard Hurndall dies (b. 1910). British actor.
• 1985 – Enver Hoxha is succeeded by Ramiz Alia as the leader of Albania.
• 1986 – Jack Nicklaus wins his sixth Masters Tournament.
• 1986 – O Papa João Paulo II visita a Sinagoga de Roma, primeira visita papal registrada à uma sinagoga.
• 1986 – 50th Golf Masters Championship: Jack Nicklaus wins, shooting a 279
• 1987 – Portugal and China sign an agreement in which the island of Macao would be returned to China in 1999
• 1988 – Italy government of De Mita forms.
• 1988 – Anderson was born. Brazilian footballe (Manchester United FC)
• 1989 – At least six Palestinians have been killed in an early morning raid by Israeli soldiers on an Arab village on the West Bank.
• 1989 – D. António Ferreira Gomes dies (b. 1906). Portuguese bishop (Bishop of Oporto).
• 1990 – The Soviet Union admits to committing the Katyn Massacre.
• 1992 – U. K. : Neil Kinnock resigns as British Labour leader following the party’s defeat by the Conservatives in the general election four days earlier.
• 1992 – First episode of Crayon Shinchan is aired.
• 1992 – Emma Degerstedt was born. American actress
• 1993 – Baseball: Lee Smith passes Jeff Reardon for first on the all-time saves list with his 358th save in a 9-7 win over the Los Angeles Dodgers.
• 1993 – Wallace Stegner dies of a car accident (b. 1909). American writer
• 1995 – Mais de mil jovens portugueses manifestam-se em Vila Nova de Foz Côa contra a construção da barragem e em defesa da preservação de pinturas rupestres pré-históricas.
• 1996 – Denis Sargan duies at 71. Econometrician.
• 1997 – Sloane Momsen was born. American child actress
• 1997 – Tiger Woods becomes the youngest golfer to win the Masters Tournament 1997 61st Golf Masters Championship: Tiger Woods at 21 (270 18 under par) .
• 1997 – George Wald dies. Biologist, Nobel Prize winner for discovering vitamin A in the retina.
• 1997 – Dorothy Frooks dies (b. 1896). American author, publisher, military figure, and actress.
• 1997 – Voldemar Väli dies (b. 1903). Estonian wrestler, Olympic medalist.
• 1997 – Baseball: For the first time in 36 years, two doubleheader games are between the same pairs of cities on the same day. The San Francisco Giants v New York Mets and New York Yankees v Oakland Athletics
• 1999 – Ortvin Sarapu dies (b. 1924). New Zealand chess player “Mr NZ Chess”.
• 1999 – Willi Stoph dies. East Germany politician.
• 2000 – Giorgio Bassani dies (b. 1916). Italian writer.
• 2001 – Robert Moon dies (b. 1917). American postal inspector and “Father” of the ZIP Code.
• 2002 – Desmond Titterington dies (b. 1928). Northern Irish racecar driver.
• 2002 – Damon Knight dies (b. 1922). Science fiction author.
• 2002 – Jon Gustafson dies. Editor.
• 2002 – The Venezuelan coup attempt of 2002 ends. President Hugo Chávez of Venezuela returns / Hugo Chávez reassume a presidência da Venezuela (deposto em 11 Abr 2002).
• 2002 – Desmond Titterington dies (b. 1928). Northern Irish racecar driver
• 2003 – Mike Weir becomes first Canadian and first leftie to win the golf Masters Tournament
• 2003 – British Paula Radcliffe wins London Marathon (women).
• 2003 – Ethyopian Gezahegne Abera wins London Marathon (men).
• 2004 – Lou Berberet dies (b. 1929). Baseball player.
• 2004 – Caron Keating dies (b. 1962). British television presenter.
• 2005 – Johnnie Johnson dies (b. 1924). American blues musician.
• 2005 – Don Blasingame dies (b. 1932). Baseball player.
• 2005 – Johnny Loughrey dies (b. 1945). Irish singer.
• 2005 – Philippe Volter dies (b. 195). Belgian actor.
• 2006 – Bill Baker dies (b. 1911). Baseball player.
• 2007 – Don Selwyn die (b. c. 1936). Māori actor and film director.
• First day of Thai New Year.
• First day of Cambodian New Year.
• First day of Lao New Year.
• Vaisakhi
• The Feast Day of St. Martin the Confessor in the Greek Orthodox Church.
• Aerosmith Day is celebrated in Massachusetts
• In the Catholic Church: Saint Martinus I, Saint Hermenegild, Caradoc, Carpus, Maximus, Blessed Ida of Boulogne
• Kiss Day (Brazil) / Dia do Beijo (Brasil)

Estou a precisar de um SKIP destes para a mente…

Estou a precisar de um SKIP destes para a mente…

Estou a precisar de um SKIP destes para a mente…

Photo

Happy birthday: Claúdia Jordan

Happy birthday: Claúdia Jordan