0040 –
Gnaeus Julius Agricola, was born (d. 93). Roman
Governor of Britain.
0574 – Pope John III dies.
0939 –
Pope Leo VII dies.
1024 – Emperor Henry II, dies.
1205 –
Hubert Walter, dies.
Archbishop of Canterbury and Justicier of England.
1491 – Príncipe
Afonso de Portugal, herdeiro do rei
João II1527 –
John Dee was born. English alchemist, astrologer, and mathematician who contributed greatly to the revival of interest in mathematics in England.
1558 –
Battle of Gravelines: In
France,
Spanish forces led by Count
Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal
Paul des Thermes at
Gravelines.
1590 –
Pope Clement X was born (d. 1676).
1608 –
Ferdinand III was born (d. 1657). Holy Roman Emperor. He headed the so-called peace party at the Habsburg imperial court during the Thirty Years’ War and ended that war in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia.
1621 –
Archduke Albert of Austria, dies (b. 1559). Governor of the Low Countries.
1643 –
English Civil War:
Battle of Roundway Down – In
England, Lord
Henry Wilmot, Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist forces, wins a crushing victory over the
Parliamentarian Sir
William Waller.
1647 – Criação da Aula de Fortificação e Arquitectura Militar, na Ribeira das Naus.
1705 –
Titus Oates, dies (b. 1649). Protestant conspirator.
1755 –
Edward Braddock, dies. British general.
1769 – Thomas Kelly, was born. Irish Episcopal clergyman and author of 765 hymns, including: ‘Praise the Savior, Ye Who Know Him.’
1777 –
Guillaume Coustou dies. French sculptor.
1787- The
U.S. Congress enacts the
Northwest Ordinance establishing governing rules for the
Northwest Territory. It also establishes procedures for the admission of new states and limits the expansion of
slavery.
1793 –
Jean Paul Marat, one of the leaders of the
French revolution, is murdered by
Charlotte Corday.
1793 –
Jean Paul Marat, dies murdered by
Charlotte Corday (b.1743). French revolutionary.
1794 –
Battle of the Vosges between
French forces and those of
Prussia and
Austria1816 –
Gustav Freitag, was born (d. 1895). Writer.
1821 –
Nathan Bedford Forrest, was born (d. 1877). American Confederate general and Ku Klux Klan leader.
1822 –
Greek War of Independence:
Greeks defeat
Ottoman forces at
Thermopylae.
1837 – Queen
Victoria of the United Kingdom moves into the first
Buckingham Palace in
London and is the first
British monarch to live there.
1841 –
Otto Wagner was born (d. 1918). Austrian architect.
1854 – In the
battle of Guaymas,
Mexico, General Jose Maria Yanez stops the French invasion led by Count Gaston de Raousset Boulbon.
1859 – Sidney Webb, was born. English economist and socialist – founder of the Fabian Society.
1863 –
New York Draft Riots: In
New York City, opponents of
conscription begin three days of rioting which will be later regarded as the worst in
United States history.
1864 –
John Jacob Astor IV, was born (d. 1912). American entrepreneur.
1878 –
Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the
Balkans.
Serbia and
Montenegro become completely independent of the
Ottoman empire.
1893 –
Morte de Joaquim de Seabra Pessoa. Pai do poeta português Fernando Pessoa.
1894 –
Isaac Babel, was born (d. 1940). Ukrainian writer.
1896 –
Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz,dies (b. 1829). German organic chemist.
1898 –
Guglielmo Marconi patenta la
radio1900 –
George Lewis, was born. American jazz musician (d. 1969)
1900 –
Boxer Rebellion: In
China,
Tientsin is retaken by European Allies from the rebelling
Boxers.
1908 – 4th modern Olympic games opens in London. Women compete in modern
Olympics for the first time.
1909 –
Gold discovered near
Cochrane, Ontario.
1913 –
Dave Garroway, was born (d. 1982). American television host.
1914 – Sam Hanksauto was born (d. 27 Jun 1994). Car racer: Indianapolis 500 winner [1957: 135.601 mph]
1918 –
Alberto Ascari, was born (d. 1955). Italian race car driver.
1918 –
Sebastião Carvalho Leme, was born. Brasilian photographer.
1919 – The British airship R-34 lands in
Norfolk,
England, completing the first airship return journey across the
Atlantic in 182 hours of flight.
1921 –
Ernest Gold, was born (d. 1999). Film score composer.
1921 –
Gabriel Lippmann, dies. French physicist
Nobel Prize for Phisic de Física in
1908.
1924 –
Carlo Bergonzi, was born. Italian tenor
1927 –
Simone Veil, was born. French politician
1928 –
Bob Crane, was born (d. 1978). American actor.
1928 –
Mace Neufeld, was born. Film producer
1929 –
Alan Civil, was born (d. 1989). English French horn player.
1930 – The
first FIFA World Cup begins in
Uruguay.
1933 –
David Malcolm Storey, was born. Writer
1934 –
Wole Soyinka, was born. Nigerian writer
1934 –
Aleksei Yeliseyev, was born. Cosmonaut
1935 –
Jack Kemp, was born. American football player and Vice Presidential candidate
1936 –
Albert Ayler, was born (d. 1970). Jazz Musician.
1936 – A heat wave strikes the
Midwestern United States. The all-time highest temperatures for the
states of
Wisconsin,
Michigan, and
Indiana are all recorded on this date.
1940 –
Patrick Stewart, was born. English actor .
1941 –
Robert Forster, was born. American actor
1941 –
World War II:
Montenegrins start the first popular uprising in Europe against the Axis Powers on
13 of July.
1942 –
World War II:
German U-Boats sink three more merchant ships in
Gulf of St. Lawrence.
1942 –
Harrison Ford, was born in Chicago, Illinois. American actor
(Presumed Innocent, Star Wars, Indiana Jones, Apocalypse Now, American Graffiti, Sabrina, etc.)
1942 –
Roger McGuinn, was born. American musician.
1943 – Greatest tank battle in history ended with Russia’s defeat of Germany at Kursk. Almost 6,000 tanks took part and 2,900 were lost by Germany.
1944 –
Ernő Rubik, was born. Hungarian inventor (Rubik’s cube), sculptor, and architect
1946 –
Cheech Marin, was born.American actor and comedian
1946 –
Alfred Stieglitz, dies (b. 1864). American photographer.
1946 – Nascimento, em Ponte Preta, de
João Bosco, cantor e compositor da MPB (música popular brasileira).
1949 – Pope Pius XII excommunicates communist catholics
1951 –
Arnold Schoenberg, dies (b. 1874). Austrian composer.
1953 –
Johnny Clegg, was born. South African composer and musician
1954 –
Sezen Aksu, was born. Turkish singer and songwriter,
Eurovision Song Contest winner
1954 –
Frida Kahlo, dies (b. 1907). Mexican painter.
1955 –
Ruth Ellis hanged for killing lover – Convicted murderer Ruth Ellis is hanged at Holloway Prison, London.
1956 – Michael Spinks was born. International Boxing Hall of Famer, Olympic gold medal-winning boxer [1976]; champion: light heavyweight, heavyweight; total bouts: 33, won: 32, lost: 1, KOs: 21
1957 –
Cameron Crowe, was born. American film director and writer
1962 –
Rhonda Vincent, was born. Bluegrass singer
1963 –
Neal Foulds, was born. English snooker player.
1965 –
J. K. Rowling was born. English writer.
1965 –
Morte de Laureano Eleuterio Gómez Castro. Presidente da Colômbia (1950-1953).
1966 –
Gerald Levert, was born. Singer
1966 – At Old Trafford, in Manchester, Portugal beat Hungary for the first round of 1966 -Football World Championship , Group 3,
Portugal:Hungary 3:1 (1:0). José Augusto 2 , Torres and Ferenc Bene were the scorers / Portugal vence a Hungria por 3-1 (com 1-0 ao intervalo) na primeira ronda da fase final do Campeonato do Mundo de Futebol na Inglaterra,em jogo disputado em Manchester perante 37.000 pessoas.
1967 –
Tom Simpson, dies (exhaustion) (b. 1937). British cyclist.
1969 – Joaquim Agostinho venceu a etapa La Grande Motte –Revel da Volta à França. Pela primeira vez um ciclista português ganhava duas etapas do Tour, abrindo caminho à maior proeza de sempre até então um oitavo lugar na classificação geral da mais importante prova velocipédica do mundo.
1970 –
Leslie Groves, membro do Exército dos Estados Unidos que observou a construção do Pentágono e o principal líder militar do
Projecto Manhattan.
1970 –
Barry Pinches, was born. English snooker player .
1971 –
Death for Moroccan rebel leaders . Ten army officers involved in an aborted coup in Morocco have been executed.
1972 – The
United States Democratic Party nominates
George McGovern for
president at its convention in
Miami Beach, Florida but, because of an impassioned
platform dispute, McGovern does not give his acceptance speech until the early morning hours of the
14th.
1973 – Hector de Campora resigns as President of Argentina
1973 –
Alexander Butterfield reveals the existence of the Nixon tapes to the special Senate committee investigating the
Watergate break in.
1974 –
Jarno Trulli, was born.
Formula 1 racer.
1974 –
Patrick Blackett, dies (b. 1897). English physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate.
1977 – The
New York City Blackout of 1977 lasts for 25 hours and results in looting and other disorder.
1977 – Morte do físico português
Mário Augusto da Silva1978 –
Ford Motor Company President
Lee Iacocca is fired by chairman
Henry Ford II, ending a long dispute between the men.
1980 –
Seretse Khama, dies (b. 1921). First
President of Botswana.
1982 –
Montreal hosts the first
baseball All-Star Game outside the
United States.
1983 –
Gabrielle Roy, dies (b. 1909). Canadian author.
1984 – Sergei Bubka of U.S.S.R. pole vaults a record 5.89 m
1985 – The
Live Aid benefit concert takes place in
London and
Philadelphia, as well as other venues such as
Sydney and
Moscow.
1988 – Final results of Mexico’s recent presidential election were released, giving the victory to the candidate of the governing party, Carlos Salinas de Gortari. Opponents charged that the election had been stolen.
2000 – Fiji’s coup leaders released their remaining 18 captives, ending a two-month-old parliamentary hostage crisis.
2002 – A lighting strike sets off the
Sour Biscuit Fire in
Oregon and northern
California, which had burned 499,570 acres (2,020 km2) when finally contained on
September 5.
2002 –
Yousuf Karsh, dies (b. 1908). Turkish-born photographer.
2003 –
Compay Segundo, dies (b. 1907). Cuban folk musician
(“Buena Vista Social Club”)
2004 –
Arthur Kane, dies (b. 1951). Musician (
New York Dolls).
2005 – Space Shuttle Discovery launches in the Return to Flight program.
Mongolia –
Naadam Holiday, 3rd day
Bahá’í Faith – Feast of Kálimát (Words) – First day of the seventh month of the Bahá’í Calendar
Bon Festival – Buddhist festival to honor the dead (East Japan)
Dia Mundial do
Rock.