On this day in History – Aug 14

• 0582 – Morre o segundo imperador romano, Tibério.
• 1040 – King Duncan I of Scotland is killed in battle against his cousin and successor Macbeth
• 1183 – Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the Three Sacred Treasures and flee to Western Japan to escape pursuit by the Minamoto clan. (Traditional Japanese date: July 25, 1183).
• 1385 – 1383-1385 Crisis: Castilians are defeated by Portuguese at the Battle of Aljubarrota / Batalha de Aljubarrota entre tropas portuguesas comandadas por João I de Portugal, Mestre de Aviz e D. Nuno Alvares Pereira e castelhanas lideradas por João I de Castela. A vitória portuguesa garante a independência e coloca um fim à Crise de 1383-1385
• 1433 – King John I of Portugal dies
• 1464 – Pope Pius II dies (b. 18 Oct 1405)
• 1473 – Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury was born. Daughter of George, Duke of Clarence
• 1498 – Cristóvão Colombo descobre, durante sua terceira viagem, a Ilha Margarita, no litoral venezuelano. A ilha é conhecida por suas pescarias de pérolas.
• 1502 – Em sua quarta e última viagem, Colombo desembarca em Honduras e se credita a ele o nome do país. Quando Colombo pisou no país, ele deu o nome Honduras devido à profundidade do mar próximo da costa.
• 1552 – Paolo Sarpi was born (d. 14 Jan 1623). Venetian patriot and scholar
• 1556 – Os portugueses se estabelecem definitivamente na China, próximo de Cantão, onde fundam Macau.
• 1575 – Diego Hurtado de Mendoza was born. Spanish writer.
• 1598 – Irish under Hugh O’Neill, Earl of Tyrone, destroy English force at the Battle of the Yellow Ford.
• 1625 – François de Harlay de Champvallon was born (d. 1965). Archbishop of Paris
• 1642 – Cosimo III de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany was born (d. 31 Oct 1723)
• 1653 – Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle was born (d. 1688). English statesman.
• 1688 – Frederick William I of Prussia was born (d. 1740)
• 1691 – Richard Talbot, 1st Earl of Tyrconnel dies (b. 1630). Irish rebel.
• 1704 – Roland Laporte dies (b. 1675). French protestant leader.
• 1740 – Pope Pius VII (Luigi Barnabà Chiaramonti) was born (d. 1823).
• 1754 – Morte de D. Maria Ana de Áustria (esposa de D. João V)
• 1784 – Nathaniel Hone dies (b. 1718). Irish-born painter
• 1727 – William Croft dies (b. 1678). English composer
• 1802 – Letitia Landon was born (d. 15 Oct 1838). English poet and novelist
• 1840 – Richard von Krafft-Ebing was born (d. 1902). German psychologist
• 1842 – Indian Wars: Second Seminole War ends, with the Seminoles forced from Florida to Oklahoma
• 1846 – The Cape ?Girardeau meteorite, a 2.3 kg chondrite type meteorite struck earth near the town of Cape Girardeau in Cape Girardeau County, Missouri.
• 1848 – Oregon Territory organized by Act of U.S. Congress .
• 1850 – Morte de José Rafael de Gallegos y Alvarado. Presidente da Costa Rica (1833-1835 e 1845-1846)
• 1851 – Doc Holliday was born (d. 1887). American gambler and gunfighter.
• 1854 – Morte do toureiro espanhol Manuel Trigo
• 1860 – Ernest Thompson Seton was born (d. 23 Oct 1946). British/Canadian naturalist and writer; helped found the Boy Scouts of America
• 1861 – Herbert Putnam was born (d. 1955). Librarian of Congress
• 1863 – Ernest Thayer was born (d. 21 Aug 1940). American poet. “Casey at the Bat”
• 1867 – John Galsworthy was born (b. 31 Jan 1933). English author. Nobel Prize in Literature in 1932. The Forsyte Saga;
• 1870 – Admiral David G. Farragut dies (b. 1801). American Navy’s first four-star admiral.
• 1880 – Cologne Cathedral, the most famous landmark in Cologne, Germany, completed
• 1881 – O investigador cubano Carlos Finlay descobre o mosquito propagador do paludismo
• 1882 – Gisela Richter was born (d. 1972). Art historian.
• 1885 – Japan’s first patent is issued to a man who invented rust-proof paint.
• 1886 – Arthur J. Dempster was born (d. 11 Mar 1950). American physicist who built the first device for measuring charged particles.
• 1886 – Morte do matemático francês Edmond Nicolas Laguerre
• 1890 – É inaugurado o Coliseu dos Recreios de Lisboa.
• 1893 – France introduces motor vehicle registration
• 1900 – Beijing occupied by joint European–Japanese–United States force in campaign to end Boxer Rebellion in China.
• 1901 – First powered flight, by Gustave Whitehead in his Number 21.
• 1903 – Eduardo Mallea was born (d. 12 Nov 1982). Argentine novelist, essayist and short-story writer
• 1908 – First beauty contest held in Folkestone, England
• 1910 – Pierre Schaeffer was born (d. 19 Aug 1955). French composer, acoustician and electronics engineer
• 1911 – Shri Vethathiri Maharishi, founder of World Community Service Center
• 1911 – United States Senate leaders agree to rotate the office of President pro tempore of the Senate among leading candidates to fill the vacancy left by William P. Frye‘s death.
• 1912 – United States Marines invade Nicaragua to support the US-backed government installed there after José Santos Zelaya resigned three years earlier.
• 1913 – (Franck) Frank Pourcel was born (d. 12 Nov 2000). Composer, violinist: group: The French Fiddles: Only You.
• 1914 – Fundação do Portimonense Sporting Clube
• 1915 – Max Klein was born (d. 20 May 1993). American painter; invented “paint by numbers”
• 1917 – China declared war on Germany and Austria during World War I
• 1920 – Nehemiah Persoff was born. Actor.
• 1920 – Começam os VII Jogos Olímpicos, em Antuérpia (Bélgica). Participaram 29 países, totalizando 2.543 homens e 64 mulheres.
• 1921 – Tannu Tuva, later Tuvinian People’s Republic is established as a completely independent country (which is supported by Russia).
• 1925 – Russell Baker was born. US columnist and journalist.
• 1925 – The original Hetch Hetchy Moccasin Powerhouse is completed and goes on line.
• 1926 – René Goscinny was born (d. 1977). French comic-strip author.
• 1926 – Lina Wertmüller was born. Director.
• 1926 – Alice Ghostley was born. Actress
• 1926 – Buddy Greco was born. Singer: Mr. Lonely, The Lady is a Tramp, I Ran All the Way Home; musician: piano
• 1928 – César de Oliveira was born. Portuguese argumentist.
• 1930 – Earl Weaver was born. Baseball Hall of Fame manager
• 1931 – Frederic Raphael was born.
• 1933 – Loggers cause a forest fire in the Coast Range of Oregon, later known as the first forest fire of the Tillamook Burn. It is extinguished on September 5, after destroying 240,000 acres (970 km²).
• 1935 – United States Social Security Act passed, creating a government pension system for the retired
• 1935 – John Brodie was born. Football player
• 1936 – Tropas rebeldes vindas do Norte de África, dirigidas superiormente pelo general Francisco Franco, e comandadas localmente pelo coronel Juan Yague, tomam Badajoz, unindo as duas áreas que se revoltaram contra o governo republicano espanhol, e que deram origem à Guerra Civil espanhola
• 1936 – Rainey Bethea is hanged in Owensboro, Kentucky in the last public execution in the United States.
• 1940 – Dash Crofts was born. Musician
• 1941 – David Crosby was born. Guitarist, songwriter: Immigration Man; groups: The Byrds: Mr. Tambourine Man; Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young: Teach Your Children, Woodstock; Suite: Judy Blue Eyes
• 1941 – Connie Smith was born. Country singer.
• 1941 – World War II – Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt sign the Atlantic Charter of war stating postwar aims
• 1941 – Paul Sabatier dies (b. 1854). French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate in 1912
• 1943 – Joe Kelley dies (b. 1871). Baseball Hall of Famer
• 1943 – Jimmy Johnson was born. American football player and broadcaster
• 1945 – Steve Martin was born. Emmy Award-winning comedy writer: The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour [1968-69]; Comedian and actor All of Me, Roxanne, L.A. Story, Parenthood, Father of the Bride, Dead Men Don’t Wear Plaid, The Jerk, The Man with Two Brains, Three Amigos, Planes, Trains & Automobiles, Saturday Night Live
• 1945 – Wim Wenders was born. German film director
• 1945 – Japan accepts the Allied terms of surrender in World War II and the Emperor records the Imperial Rescript on Surrender.
• 1945 – Marechal Pétain é condenado à morte por um tribunal francês.
• 1946 – Antonio Fargas was born. American actor
• 1946 – Susan Saint James was born. Emmy Award-winning actress: The Name of the Game [1968-69]; McMillan and Wife, Kate and Allie, Carbon Copy, Love at First Bite, Desperate Women
• 1947 – Danielle Steel was born. Novelist
• 1947 – Larry Graham was born. Singer, musician.
• 1947 – Pakistan gain independence from the United Kingdom
• 1950 – Terry Adams was born. Rock singer-musician (NRBQ)
• 1950 – Gary Larson was born. Cartoonist (”Far Side”)
• 1950 – Bob Backlund was born. Professional wrestler.
• 1951 – William Randolph Hearst dies. Newspaper magnate
• 1952 – Carl Lumbly was born. Actor
• 1952 – Debbie Meyer was born. Swimmer
• 1953 – James Horner was born. Academy Award-winning composer
• 1953 – Zaira Zambelli was born. Brazilian actress.
• 1954 – Mark Fidrych was born. Baseball player.
• 1955 – Herbert Putnam dies. Librarian of Congress
• 1956 – Bertolt Brecht dies (b. 1898). German poet and playwright.
• 1956 – Rusty Wallace was born. American race car driver
• 1956 – Jackee Harry was born. Actress
• 1958 – Frédéric Joliot dies (b. 1900). French physicist, recipient in 1935 of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• 1958 – Mary Ritter Beard dies.
• 1959 – Marcia Gay Harden was born. Academy Award-winning actress
• 1959 – Earvin “Magic” Johnson was born. Basketball player
• 1960 – Sarah Brightman was born. British singer.
• 1960 – Jack Brabham (Equipe Cooper) vence o Grande Prémio do Porto em Formula 1
• 1960 – Jaime Cortesão dies in Lisbon (b. in Ança, Cantanhede on 29 Apr 1884). Portuguese politician and poet.
• 1961 – Susan Olsen was born. Actress (”The Brady Bunch”)
• 1964 – Brannon Braga was born. Writer, director
• 1965 – Emmanuelle Béart was born in Saint Tropez. French actress
• 1966 – Halle Berry was born in Cleveland, Ohio. American Academy Award-winning actress. Monster’s Ball [2001]; Living Dolls, Knots Landing, Boomerang, Jungle Fever, Losing Isaiah, Executive Decision, Bulworth, Introducing Dorothy Dandridge, X-Men; first runner-up: Miss USA [1986]
• 1967 – UK Marine Broadcasting Offences Act declares participation in offshore pirate radio illegal.
• 1968 – Catherine Bell was born. British actress and model. JAG, Mother of the Bride, Crash Dive, Black Thunder, The Time Shifters
• 1969 – United Kingdom troops deploy in Northern Ireland.
• 1970 – Kevin Cadogan was born. Rock musician
• 1971 – Scott Michael Campbell was born. Actor
• 1971 – Bahrain declares its independence from United Kingdom
• 1972 – An East German Ilyushin Il-62 crashed during takeoff from East Berlin, killing 156
• 1972 – Lalanya Masters was born. Actress
• 1973 – Rana Faheem Aslam was born. Pakistani journalist
• 1973 – The U.S. bombing of Cambodia came to a halt.
• 1973 – Jared Borgetti was born. Mexican football player.
• 1973 – Jay-Jay Okocha was born. Nigerian football player.
• 1973 – Kieren Perkins was born. Australian swimmer
• 1975 – Murilo Mendes dies in Lisbon (b. 18 May 1901 in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais). Brazilian poet.
• 1976 – Alex Albrecht was born. Co-host of The Screen Savers.
• 1976 – Women for peace. In the Northern Irish city of Belfast 10000 Catholic and Protestant women held a demonstration calling for an end to the Northern Irish civil war. The march was initiated by the multi religious organisation, “Mothers for Peace”. The co-founders, Betty Williams and Mairead Corrigan, received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1976 for their commitment.
• 1976 – The Senegalese political party PAI-Rénovation is legally recognized. PAI-Rénovation thus becomes the third legal party in the country.
• 1977 – Juan Pierre was born. Baseball player
• 1977 – Philip Stamper was born. Pro wrestler, actor
• 1980 – Lech Walesa leads strikes at Gdansk, Poland shipyards.
• 1980 – President Jimmy Carter and Vice President Walter Mondale were nominated for a second term at the Democratic National Convention in New York.
• 1983 – Morte de Alceu Amoroso Lima (Tristão de Ataíde). Educador, crítico literário, professor, pensador, escritor e membro da Academia Brasileira de Letras.
• 1983 – Mila Kunis was born. Television actress.
• 1983 – Elena Baltacha was born. Ukrainian-born, British tennis player
• 1986 – Terin Humphrey was born. United States Olympic gymnast in 2004.
• 1988 – Enzo Ferrari dies (b. 1898). Italian car maker.
• 1992 – John Sirica dies (b. 1904). American judge.
• 1994 – Elias Canetti dies (b. 1905). Bulgarian-born British novelist.Nobel Prize in 1981
• 1994 – Ilich Ramírez Sánchez, the terrorist known as “Carlos the Jackal”, is captured.
• 1994 – Nick Price won the PGA Championship at Southern Hills Tulsa, Oklahoma in record fashion. He finished at 11-under-par 269 for 72 holes, six strokes ahead of Corey Pavin
• 1994 – Elias Canetti dies (b. 1905). British-Austrian novelist.
• 1995 – Fernando Galhano dies. Portuguese ethnologist.
• 1996 – The Republican National Convention in San Diego nominated Bob Dole for president and Jack Kemp for vice president.
• 2002 – Dave Williams dies. Singer (Drowning Pool)
• 2003 – Helmut Rahn dies (b. 1929). German footballer
• 2003 – Widescale power blackout in the northeast United States and Canada.
• 2004 – Sales tax holiday in Massachusetts. All sales taxes are suspended on purchases of $2500.00 or less.
• 2004 – Czeslaw Milosz dies (b. 1911). Polish writer, Nobel Prize laureate
• 2005 – Coo Coo Marlin dies b. 1932). American race car driver.
• 2005 – Helios Airways Flight 522 crashes north of Athens, killing the 121 on board.
• 2006 – The 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict cease fire goes into effect.
• Pakistan – PakistIndependence Day
• United States of America – National Code Talkers Day
• Paraguay – Flag Day.