On this day in History – Feb. 14

• 0842 – Charles the Bald and Louis the German sign a treaty.
• 1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg.
• 1014 – Pope Boniface I recognizes Henry of Bavaria as King of Germany.
• 1076 – Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
• 1317 – Marguerite of France dies (b. 1282). Queen of Edward I of England
• 1349 – Approximately 2,000 Jews were burned to death by mobs or forcibly removed from the city of Strasbourg.
• 1400 – King Richard II of England dies murdered (b. 1367).
• 1404 – Leone Battista Alberti was born in Genoa (d. 1472). Italian painter, poet, and philosopher.
• 1405 – Timur (aka Tamerlane) dies (b. 1336). Mongol monarch and conqueror.
• 1468 – Johann Werner was born (d. 1522). German mathematician.
• 1483 – Zahir al-Din Mohammed Babur Shah was born (d. 1530). Founder of the Moghul dynasty. Emperor of India.
• 1523 – Pope Adrian VI dies.
• 1536 – Las tropas de Hernando Pizarro, sitiadas en Cuzco por los incas, hacen una salida y los derrotan en una terrible matanza.
• 1556 – Thomas Cranmer is declared a heretic.
• 1575 – Henry III of France marries Louise de Lorraine-Vaudémont.
• 1602 – Francesco Cavalli was born (d. 1676). Italian composer.
• 1642 – Incendio de la ciudad de México, el más antiguo y uno de los más voraces de los conocidos en su historia.
• 1676 – Abraham Bosse dies. French engraver and artist.
• 1680 – John Sidney, 6th Earl of Leicester was born (d. 1737). English privy councillor.
• 1692 – Pierre-Claude Nivelle de La Chaussée was born (d. 1754). French writer.
• 1701 – Enrique Florez was born (d. 1773). Spanish historian.
• 1737 – Charles Talbot, 1st Baron Talbot of Hensol dies (b. 1685). Lord Chancellor of Great Britain
• 1743 – Henry Pelham becomes British Prime Minister.
• 1744 – John Hadley dies (b. 1682). Inventor.
• 1763 – Jean Victor Marie Moreau was born (d. 1813). French general.
• 1766 – Thomas Malthus was born (d. 1834). English economist.
• 1778 – The United States Flag was formally recognized by a foreign naval vessel for the first time, when French Admiral Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte rendered a nine gun salute to USS Ranger, commanded by John Paul Jones.
• 1779 – James Cook is killed by the natives of the Sandwich Islands (b. 1728). British naval captain and explorer.
• 1780 – William Blackstone dies (b. 1723). English jurist.
• 1782 – Reforma pautal, em Portugal, com o objectivo de reorganizar as alfândegas.
• 1782 – Criação da Companhia dos Guarda Marinhas da Armada portuguesa.
• 1788 – Fernando Sor was born (d. 1839). Spanish composer.
• 1791 – O contrato de diamantes em bruto do Brasil é entregue a Joaquim Pedro Quintela.
• 1797 – French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Cape St. Vincent – John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent & Horatio Nelson (later 1st Viscount Nelson) led the British Royal Navy to victory over a Spanish fleet in action near Gibraltar.
• 1803 – Chief Justice John Marshall declares that any act of U.S. Congress which conflicts with the Constitution is void.
• 1804 – Karadjordje led the First Serbian Uprising against the Ottoman Empire.
• 1808 – John Dickinson dies (b. 1732). American lawyer and delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention.
• 1811 – Domingo Faustino Sarmiento was born. Argentine writer and politician.
• 1812 – Alfred Thomas Agate was born (d. 1846). American artist.
• 1817 – El general San Martín entra triunfalmente en Santiago de Chile, plaza abandonada por las tropas españolas.
• 1818 – Frederick Douglas adopted as his birthday (d. 1895)
• 1819 – Christopher Sholes was born (d. 1890). American inventor.
• 1819 – Joshua A. Norton was born (d. 1880). Emperor Norton I of the United States of America and Protector of Mexico.
• 1820 – Cosme Mariano Argerich dies. Argentine physician.
• 1824 – Winfield Scott Hancock was born (d. 1886). American Civil War Union general.
• 1828 – Edmond François Valentin About was born (d. 1885). French writer.
• 1831 – Ras Marye of Yejju marches into Tigray and defeats and kills Dejazmach Sabagadis in the Battle of Debre Abbay.
• 1831 – Henry Maudslay dies (b. 1771). Inventor and machine tool-maker.
• 1831 – Vincente Guerrero dies (b. 1782). Mexican revolutionary hero.
• 1835 – The original Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, is formed in Kirtland, Ohio.
• 1843 – The event that inspired the song Being for the Benefit of Mr. Kite! held.
• 1846 – Julian Scott was born (d. 1901). American artist and Civil War Medal of Honor recipient.
• 1847 – Anna Howard Shaw was born (d. 1919). American women’s suffrage leader.
• 1847 – Maria Pia of Italy was born (d. 1911). Queen of Portugal.
• 1848 – Benjamin Baillaud was born (d. 1934). French astronomer.
• 1849 – In New York City, James Knox Polk becomes the first President of the United States to have his photograph taken.
• 1855 – Texas is linked by telegraph with the rest of the United States, when a connection between New Orleans and Marshall, Texas is completed.
• 1856 – Frank Harris was born (d. 1931). Irish author and editor.
• 1859 – Oregon is admitted as the 33rd U.S. state.
• 1861 – Francisco Metrass dies (b. 7 Feb 1825). Portuguese painter.
• 1866 – Basílio Teleswas born in Porto (d. 10 Mar. 1923). Portuguese essayst and Republican thinker.
• 1869 – Charles Wilson was born (d. 1959). Scottish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1871 – Gerda Lundequist was born (d. 1959). Swedish actress.
• 1876 – Alexander Graham Bell applied for a patent for the telephone. So did Elisha Gray.
• 1879 – The War of the Pacific breaks out when Chilean armed forces occupied the Bolivian port city of Antofagasta.
• 1880 – Se aprueba en Madrid el Reglamento de las corridas de toros.
• 1884 – Kostas Varnalis was born (d. 1974). Greek poet.
• 1884 – Joe Jagersberger was born (d. 1952). Austrian racing driver.
• 1884 – Hezekiah M. Washburn was born (d. 1972). Missionary.
• 1885 – Syed Zafarul Hasan was born (d. 1949). Prominent Muslim Indian/Pakistani philosopher.
• 1886 – First trainload of oranges left Los Angeles via the transcontinental railroad.
• 1890 – Nina Hamnett was born (d. 1956). Welsh artist.
• 1892 – Radola Gajda was born (d. 1948). Czech military commander.
• 1893 – George Washington Gale Ferris, Jr. was born (d. 1896). Engineer and inventor.
• 1894 – Jack Benny was born (d. 1974). American actor and comedian.
• 1895 – First showing of Oscar Wilde‘s last play The Importance of Being Earnest (St James’s Theatre in London).
• 1895 – Alceu de Freitas Wamosy was born in Urugaiana (d. 13 Sep 1923). Brazilian poet.
• 1895 – Max Horkheimer was born (d. 1973). German philosopher and sociologist.
• 1898 – Fritz Zwicky was born (d. 1974). Swiss-American physicist and astronomer.
• 1898 – Raúl Scalabrini Ortiz was born. Argentine essayst and journalist. Author of “El hombre que está solo y espera”
• 1898 – Jorge Mañach was born. Cuban writer and politician and journalist.
• 1899 – Voting machines are approved by the U.S. Congress for use in federal elections.
• 1900 – Russia responds to international pressure to free Finland by tightening imperial control over the country.
• 1900 – Second Boer War: In South Africa, 20,000 British troops invade the Orange Free State.
• 1902 – É fundada em Washington a Aliança Internacional para o Voto Feminino, por iniciativa da Associação do Sufrágio Americana.
• 1902 – Thelma Ritter was born (d. 1969). American actress.
• 1903 – O bloqueio dos portos venezuelanos é suspenso, firmando-se um protocolo com as três potências aliadas: Reino Unido, Alemanha e Itália.
• 1903 – The United States Department of Commerce and Labor is established (later split into Dept. of Commerce and Dept. of Labor).
• 1903 – Stu Erwin was born (d. 1967). American actor.
• 1907 – Reconhecimento da liberdade de associação sem autorização prévia.
• 1910 – Cinqüenta mil manifestantes pedem, em Berlim, um sistema eleitoral livre, igualitário, direto e secreto na Prússia.
• 1912 – Arizona is admitted as the 48th U.S. state.
• 1912 – In Groton, Connecticut, the first diesel-powered submarine is commissioned.
• 1912 – Tibor Sekelj was born (d. 1988). Croatian explorer.
• 1913 – Jimmy Hoffa was born (d. 1975 : disappeared). American labor union leader.
• 1913 – Mel Allen was born (d. 1996). American sports reporter.
• 1913 – Woody Hayes was born (d. 1987). American college football coach.
• 1914 – Margarete Mewes was born. Nazi overseer at concentration camp.
• 1914 – Norman Von Nida was born (d. 2007). Australian golfer.
• 1916 – Marcel Bigeard was born. French general.
• 1916 – Masaki Kobayashi was born (d. 1996). Japanese director.
• 1916 – Edward Platt was born (d. 1974). American actor.
• 1917 – Herbert A. Hauptman was born. American biophysicist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985 .
• 1918 – The movie Tarzan of the Apes, the first movie featuring Edgar Rice Burroughs‘ Tarzan character, is released.
• 1918 – The Soviet Union adopts the Gregorian calendar (1 February according to the Julian calendar).
• 1918 – Jacó do Bandolim [Jacob Pick Bittencourt] was born in Rio de Janeiro (d. 13 Aug 1969). Brazilian musician, popular composer and singer.
• 1919 – The Polish-Soviet War begins.
• 1920 – The League of Women Voters is founded in Chicago, Illinois.
• 1921 – Hugh Downs was born. American game show host and journalist .
• 1922 – Murray the K was born (d. 1982). American impresario and disk jockey.
• 1923 – Manuel Querino dies (b. 1851). Afro-Brazilian historian.
• 1924 – The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is founded.
• 1927 – Um terramoto no sul da Jugoslávia causa a morte de 600 pessoas.
• 1927 – Lois Maxwell was born. Canadian actress.
• 1928 – O médico bacteriologista escocês Alexander Fleming descobre casualmente a penicilina, que trouxe grandes resultados para o tratamento de doenças infecciosas.
• 1929 – St. Valentine’s Day Massacre: Seven gangsters rivalling Al Capone are murdered in Chicago, Illinois.
• 1929 – Vic Morrow was born (d. 1982). Jewish–American actor.
• 1930 – Carlos Zara was born in Campinas, São Paulo (d. 2003). Brazilian actor.
• 1931 – Bernie Geoffrion was born (d. 2006). Canadian hockey player.
• 1931 – Brian Kelly was born (d. 2005). American actor.
• 1931 – Phyllis McGuire was born. American singer (The McGuire Sisters).
• 1932 – Alexander Kluge was born. German actor and film director .
• 1933 – Colombia hace retroceder a las fuerzas peruanas. La Sociedad de Naciones condena la acción de Perú.
• 1933 – Héctor Polino was born. Argentine politician.
• 1933 – Madhubala was born (d. 1969). Indian actress.
• 1934 – Michel Corboz was born. Swiss conductor.
• 1934 – Florence Henderson was born. American television actress.
• 1936 – AG Weser launches the first of 162 U-boats (last one launched on March 1, 1945).
• 1936 – Fanne Foxe was born. Argentine dancer.
• 1936 – Antonio Porpetta was born. Spanish essayst and poet.
• 1936 – Andrew Prine was born. American actor.
• 1941 – Donna Shalala was born. American politician, educator.
• 1941 – Paul Tsongas was born (d. 1997). U.S. Senator.
• 1942 – Battle of Pasir Panjang contributes to the fall of Singapore.
• 1942 – Michael Bloomberg was born. Mayor of New York City.
• 1942 – Andrew Robinson was born. American actor.
• 1942 – Ricardo Rodríguez was born (d. 1962). Mexican racing driver.
• 1943 – Maceo Parker was born. American musician (P-Funk).
• 1943 – World War II: Rostov, Russia is liberated.
• 1943 – World War II: The Battle of the Kasserine Pass – German General Erwin Rommel and his Afrika Korps launch an offensive against Allied defenses in Tunisia.
• 1943 – Maceo Parker was born. American musician (P-Funk).
• 1943 – Aaron Russo was born (d. 2007). American movie producer.
• 1943 – David Hilbert dies (b. 1862). Mathematician.
• 1944 – World War II: Anti-Japanese revolt on Java.
• 1944 – Alan Parker was born. English film director, writer .
• 1944 – Carl Bernstein was born. American journalist.
• 1944 – Reginaldo Rossi was born. Brazilian singer.
• 1944 – Ronnie Peterson was born in Orebro (d. 11 Sep 1978). Swedish Formula 1 racing driver.
• 1945 – On the second day of the Bombing of Dresden in World War II the British Royal Air Force and the United States Army Air Forces begin fire-bombing Dresden, the capital of the German state of Saxony.
• 1945 – Bombing of Prague – probably due to a mistake in the orientation of the pilots bombing Dresden.
• 1945 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt meets with King Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia aboard the USS Quincy, officially starting the U.S.-Saudi diplomatic relationship.
• 1945 – Mostar is liberated by Yugoslav partisans.
• 1945 – Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru join the United Nations.
• 1945 – Frank Welker was born. American actor.
• 1945 – Mario Sábato was born. Argentine film and TV director.
• 1945 – Hans-Adam II was born. Prince of Liechtenstein.
• 1946 – The Bank of England is nationalized.
• 1946 – Bernard Dowiyogo was born (d. 2003). President of Nauru.
• 1946 – Gregory Hines was born (d. 2003). American dancer and actor.
• 1946 – The Bank of England is nationalized.
• 1946 – ENIAC (for “Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer”), the first general-purpose electronic computer, is unveiled at the University of Pennsylvania.
• 1946 – O computador Eniac, ou Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, começa a trabalhar na Universidade da Pensilvânia, nos Estados Unidos. Ele fazia em segundos cálculos complicadíssimos.
• 1947 – Tim Buckley was born (d. 1975). American singer-songwriter.
• 1948 – J. Natalio González is elected President of Paraguay.
• 1948 – Raymond Teller was born. American magician (Penn and Teller).
• 1948 – Pat O’Brien was born. American sportscaster and television host.
• 1949 – Rafael A. Calderón was born. President of Costa Rica.
• 1949 – Se abre la primera sesión del Parlamento Israelí en Jerusalén.
• 1949 – The Knesset (Israeli parliament) first convenes.
• 1949 – The Asbestos Strike begins in Canada. The strike marks the beginning of the Quiet Revolution in Quebec.
• 1950 – Stalin y Mao firman en Moscú el pacto de amistad China-URSS.
• 1950 – Roger Fisher was born. American musician (Heart).
• 1951 – Kevin Keegan was born. English footballer.
• 1951 – JoJo Starbuck was born. American ice skater.
• 1952 – 1952 Winter Olympic Games open in Oslo, Norway.
• 1952 – Guillermo Francella was born. Argentine actor.
• 1952 – Nancy Keenan was born. Current NARAL president.
• 1955 – Rip Rogers was born. American professional wrestler.
• 1956 – Starts in Moscow the XX Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. In the last night of the meeting, in a secret session, Kruscev condemns the Stalin’s crimes.
• 1957 – Alan Hunter was born. One of the original MTV VJs.
• 1957 – Soile Isokoski was born. Finnish soprano.
• 1958 – O rei Faisal do Iraque e o rei Hussein da Jordânia proclamam a fusão de seus reinos na Federação Árabe, tendo Faisal como chefe de estado e Hussein como seu vice.
• 1958 – Enrique Mansilla was born. Argentine racing driver.
• 1958 – Grant Thomas was born. Australian rules footballer.
• 1959 – Renee Fleming was born. American soprano .
• 1959 – Baby Dodds dies (b. 1898). American jazz drummer.
• 1960 – Jim Kelly was born. American football player.
• 1960 – Meg Tilly was born. Canadian actress
• 1961 – Discovery of the chemical elements: Element 103, Lawrencium, is first synthesized (Berkeley, California).
• 1962 – First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy takes television viewers on a tour of the White House.
• 1962 – Kevyn Aucoin was born. American cosmetologist.
• 1963 – Enrico Colantoni was born. Canadian actor.
• 1963 – Zach Galligan was born. American actor.
• 1964 – Gianni Bugno was born. Italian cyclist.
• 1964 – Zach Galligan was born. American actor.
• 1966 – Australian currency is decimalized.
• 1966 – Petr Svoboda was born. National Hockey League player.
• 1967 – Los ministros de Exteriores de 14 países de Iberoamérica adoptan la “Declaración de Tlatelolco” (para prohibir la fabricación y uso de armas nucleares en América Latina).
• 1967 – Stelios Haji-Ioannou was born. British entrepreneur.
• 1967 – Manuela Maleeva was born. Bulgarian tennis player.
• 1968 – Jules Asner was born. American model and television personality.
• 1969 – Adriana Behar was born in Rio de Janeiro. Brazilian beach voleyball player. World circuit winner (1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 e 2001) and silver medal in Olympics (Sydnei 2000).
• 1969 – Harry Colon was born. American football player.
• 1970 – Simon Pegg was born. English comedian, writer and actor.
• 1970 – Giuseppe Guerini was born. Italian cyclist.
• 1971 – Tommy Dreamer was born. American professional wrestler.
• 1971 – Noriko Sakai was born. Japanese singer.
• 1972 – El Ejército derroca al presidente ecuatoriano, José María Velasco Ibarra.
• 1972 – Drew Bledsoe was born. American football player.
• 1972 – Big Daddy V was born. American professional wrestler.
• 1972 – Hiroshi was born. Japanese comedian.
• 1972 – Najwa Nimri was born. Spanish actress.
• 1972 – Rob Thomas was born. American musician (matchbox twenty).
• 1973 – Giancarlo Fisichella was born. Italian Formula 1 race car driver.
• 1973 – Steve McNair was born. American football player.
• 1974 – Filippa Giordano was born. Italian singer.
• 1974 – Philippe Léonard was born. Belgian footballer.
• 1975 – Scott Owen was born. Australian musician (The Living End).
• 1975 – Yul Kwon was born. American Survivor contestant.
• 1975 – Germán Cueto dies. Mexican sculptor.
• 1975 – Julian Huxley dies (b. 1887). British biologist.
• 1975 – P. G. Wodehouse dies (b. 1881). English writer.
• 1976 – Liv Kristine was born. Norwegian singer (Leaves’ Eyes).
• 1977 – Mário Soares, primeiro ministro, visita vários países da Europa ocidental com a intenção de sondar a receptividade dos países comunitários a um eventual pedido de adesão de Portugal à CEE. Pedido que será formalizado no dia 28 de Março desse mesmo ano.
• 1977 – Darren Bennett was bon. Professional Latin Ballroom Dancer
• 1977 – Cadel Evans was born. Australian cyclist
• 1977 – Elmer Symons was born (d. 2007). South African motorcycle racer.
• 1978 – Richard Hamilton was born. American basketball player .
• 1978 – Dean Gaffney was born. British actor
• 1978 – Darius Songaila was born. Basketball player.
• 1979 – In Kabul, Muslims kidnap the American ambassador to Afghanistan, Adolph Dubs who is later killed during a gunfight between his kidnappers and police.
• 1979 – Sean Bennett was born. Pianist.
• 1979 – Antonio Chatman was born. American football player .
• 1979 – Pablo Pallante was born. Uruguayan footballer.
• 1980 – Olympic Games: Winter Olympic Games – XIII Olympic Winter Games open in Lake Placid, New York.
• 1980 – Walter Cronkite announces his retirement from CBS Evening News.
• 1980 – Graves inundações no Irão causam a morte de mais de 200 pessoas.
• 1980 – Fatima Leyva was born. Mexican women’s soccer player.
• 1980 – Michelle Ye was born. Hong Kong actress.
• 1980 – Josh Senter was born. American screenwriter.
• 1981 – Um incêndio no edifício Grande Avenida, em São Paulo, deixa 17 pessoas mortas e mais de 50 feridas.
• 1981 – Stardust Disaster: A fire in a Dublin nightclub kills 48 people.
• 1982 – Marián Gáborík was born. Slovak hockey player.
• 1983 – Ariel Sharon assume o cargo de ministro de Defesa de Israel.
• 1983 – United American Bank of Knoxville, Tennessee collapses. Its president, Jake Butcher is later convicted of fraud.
• 1983 – Bacary Sagna was born. French footballer.
• 1983 – Lina Radke dies. German athlete.
• 1984 – O texto final da Lei sobre a Despenalização do Aborto é aprovado na Assembleia da República, com os votos favoráveis do PS, PCP, UEDS e MDP.
• 1984 – British ice dance team Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean win gold at the Olympic Games in Sarajevo for their free dance Bolero.
• 1984 – Hamed Namouchi was born. Tunisian footballer.
• 1985 – CNN reporter Jeremy Levin is freed from captivity in Lebanon.
• 1985 – Karima Adebibe was born. Moroccan-English actress and model.
• 1985 – Tyler Clippard was born. American baseball player.
• 1985 – Heart Evangelista was born. Pinay celebrity.
• 1985 – Natsume Sano was born. Japanese gravure idol.
• 1985 – Philippe Senderos was born. Swiss footballer.
• 1985 – Miki Yeung was born. Hong Kong singer and actress.
• 1986 – Nicaragua y Costa Rica normalizan sus relaciones diplomáticas y reanudan los trabajos para la pacificación centroamericana del Grupo de Contadora.
• 1986 – Michael Ammermüller was born. German racing driver.
• 1986 – Roxanne Guinoo was born. Filipino actress.
• 1987 – Joseph Pichler was born. American actor.
• 1987 – Julia Savicheva was born. Russian singer.
• 1987 – David Wheater was born. English footballer.
• 1988 – Alfredo Stroessner é reeleito pela oitava vez, com 89% dos votos, para a presidência do Paraguai.
• 1988 – Nora Astorga dies. Nicaraguan diplomat.
• 1988 – Ángel Di María was born. Argentine soccer player.
• 1988 – Eliska Sursova was born. Spanish American actress.
• 1989 – Union Carbide agrees to pay USD $470 million to the Indian government for damages it caused in the 1984 Bhopal Disaster.
• 1989 – Iranian leader Ruhollah Khomeini issues a fatwa encouraging Muslims to kill the author of The Satanic Verses, Salman Rushdie.
• 1989 – The first of 24 satellites of the Global Positioning System is placed into orbit.
• 1989 – James Bond dies (b. 1900). American ornithologist and the namesake of the fictional spy James Bond.
• 1990 – 92 people are killed aboard Indian Airlines Flight 605 at Bangalore, India.
• 1991 – Portugal devolve as jóias de Goa à U. Indiana.
• 1992 – Weezer was formed.
• 1992 – Freddie Highmore was born. English actor.
• 1993 – Nirvana begins recording sessions for their third album, In Utero.
• 1994 – Andrei Chikatilo dies executed (b. 1936). Russian serial killer.
• 1995 – Perú declara el cese al fuego en la guerra fronteriza con Ecuador.
• 1995 – Paul Butcher was born. American actor.
• 1996 – China launches a Long March 3 rocket, carrying a Intelsat 708 satellite, that ended in tragedy: The rocket flew off course 3 seconds after liftoff and crashed into the nearest rural village. A number of people are killed. It is later discovered that a gust of wind caused the incident.
• 1998 – Authorities in the United States announce that Eric Robert Rudolph is a suspect in an Alabama abortion clinic bombing.
• 1999 – John Ehrlichman dies (b. 1926). Presidential advisor.
• 2000 – The spacecraft NEAR Shoemaker enters orbit around asteroid 433 Eros, the first spacecraft to orbit an asteroid.
• 2002 – The Tullaghmurray Lass sinks off the coast of Kilkeel, County Down, Northern Ireland killing three members of the same family on board.
• 2003 – Dolly the sheep dies (b. 1996). The world’s first cloned mammal.
• 2003 – Isabel Mayagoitia Gila dies in Berlin (b. 1964). Mexican conductor.
• 2003 – Johnny Longden dies (b. 1907). English jockey.
• 2004 – In a suburb of Moscow, Russia, the roof of the Transvaal water park collapses, killing more than 25 people, and wounding more than 100 others.
• 2004 – Marco Pantani dies (b. 1970). Italian cyclist, Tour-de-France winner.
• 2004 – Simplício dies (b. 1916). Brazilian humorist.
• 2005 – Lebanon‘s former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri (b. 1944) is assassinated, prompting the Cedar Revolution (Intifada of Independence).
• 2005 – Seven people were killed and 151 wounded in a series of bombings by suspected Al-Qaeda-linked Muslim militants that hit the Philippines‘ Makati financial district in Metro Manila, Davao City, and General Santos City.
• 2005 – Najai Turpin dies. American boxer.
• 2005 – Rafik Hariri dies (b. 1944). Lebanese politician and billionaire businessman.
• 2005 – Brazilian soccer player Ronaldo gets married with the model and MTV presenter Daniella Cicarelli. The marriage would be dissolved on 11 May 2005.
• 2006 – chip and PIN – UK cardholders had to use their PIN to be sure they could pay with their chip and PIN card. This change was made to better protect cardholders against fraudsters.
• 2006 – Shoshana Damari dies (b. 1923). the “Queen of Israeli song”.
• 2006 – Lynden David Hall dies (b. 1974). British singer.
• 2006 – Darry Cowl dies (b. 1925). French musician and actor.
• 2007 – Gareth Morris dies (b. 1920). British flautist.
• 2007 – Ryan Larkin dies (b. 1943). Canadian animated film maker.
• 2008 – Northern Illinois University shooting: a gunman opened fire in a lecture hall of the DeKalb County, Illinois university resulting in 24 casualties; 6 fatalities (including gunman) and 18 injured.
• Western World – Valentine’s Day.
• enmark – Fastelavn. Children dress up, much like Halloween in the US.
• Mexico – Day of National Mourning (1831).
• Norway – Ballantine’s Day.
• Bulgaria – Trifon Zarezan (Wine-grower’s Day).
• Arizona – Admission Day (1912).
• Oregon – Admission Day (1859).
• Iraq – ‘Communist Martyrs Day’ celebrated by Iraqi Communist Party.
• Europe/Catholicism – Feast day of Saints Cyril and Methodius, patron saints of Europe.
• Saint Valentine (d. 422).
• Portugal – Dia Nacional Doente Coronário.

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