On this day in History – Oct. 13

0054 – Roman Empire emperor Claudius I dies (b. 10 BC) after being poisoned by his wife Agrippina.
0709 – Emperor Kōnin was born (d. 0781). Emperor of Japan.

1066 – Death of St. Edward, “the Confessor,” King of England
1195 – Morte Gualdim Pais (1118-1195), mestre da Ordem dos Templários em Portugal, e companheiro de Afonso Henriques, primeiro rei de Portugal .
1282 – Nichiren Daishonin, founder of the Nichiren School of Buddhism, dies. His ashes are interred at Taisekiji Temple.
1296 – Ílhavo recebe foral de D. Dinis
1307 – All Knights Templar in France are simultaneously arrested by agents of Phillip the Fair, to be later tortured into “admitting” heresy.
1381 – Thomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel was born (d. 1415). English politician
1399 – Coronation of Henry IV as King of England
1415 – Thomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel dies (b. 1381). English military leader.
1453 – Edward of Westminster was born (d. 1471).Prince of Wales
1474 – Mariotto Albertinelli was born (d. 1515). Italian painter.
1508 – Edmund de Ros, 11th Baron de Ros dies (b. 1446). English politician.

1534 – Início do pontificado do Papa Paulo III
1563 – Francesco Caracciolo was born. Italian religious founder and saint (Caracciolini).
1566- Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork was born (d. 1643). Irish politician.
1582 – Due to the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1605 – Theodore Beza dies (b. 1519). French theologian.
1613 – Nasce D. Luísa Francisca de Gusmão, rainha de Portugal (esposa de D. João IV)

1653 – Nascimento de São Francisco Caracciolo (canonizado em 24 Mai 1807)
1666 – Morre D. Francisco Manuel de Melo (n. 1608). Militar e escritor português.
1673 – Kristoffer Gabel dies (b. 1617). Danish statesman.
1687 – Geminiano Montanari dies (b. 1633). Italian astronomer.
1694 – Samuel von Pufendorf dies (b. 1632). German jurist.
1696 – John Hervey, Lord Hervey was born (d. 1743). English statesman and writer.
1706 – Iyasus the Great dies (b. 1682). Emperor of Ethiopia.
1715- Nicolas Malebranche dies (b. 1638). French philosopher.
1754 – Molly Pitcher (Mary Ludwig Hays McCauley) was born (d. 22 Jul 1832). American heroine.
1759 – John Henley dies (b. 1692). English minister.

1773 – Nascimento de Luís Filipe I da França (rei da França 1830-1848)
1775 – The United States Continental Congress orders the establishment of the Continental Navy (later renamed the United States Navy).
1784 – Ferdinand VII was born. King of Spain.
1788 – Robert Nugent, 1st Earl Nugent dies (b. 1702). Irish politician and poet.

1789 – Manuel Eduardo de Gorostiza was born. Mexican writer.
1792- In Washington, DC, the cornerstone of the United States Executive Mansion (known as the White House since 1818) is laid.
1812 – War of 1812: Battle of Queenston Heights – On the Niagara frontier in Ontario, Canada, United States forces under General Stephen Van Rensselaer are repulsed from invading Canada by British and native troops led by Sir Isaac Brock.
1812 – Sir Isaac Brock dies, killed in battle (b. 1769). British general.
1815 – Joachim Murat dies executed (b. 1767). French marshal and King of Naples
1821 – Rudolf Virchow was born (d. 1902). German physician, pathologist, biologist, and politician.
1825 – King Maximilian I of Bavaria dies (b. 1756)
1843 – In New York City, Henry Jones and 11 others found B’nai B’rith (the oldest Jewish service organization in the world).
1845 – A majority of voters in the Republic of Texas approve a proposed constitution, that if accepted by the U.S. Congress, will make Texas a U.S. state.
1853 – Lillie Langtry was born (d. 1929). British actress.
1862 – Mary Kingsley was born (d. 1900). English writer and explorer.
1869 – Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve dies (b. 1804). French literary critic.
1876 – Rube Waddell was born (d. 1914). Baseball player.
1882 – Arthur de Gobineau dies (b. 1816). French philosopher.
1884 – Greenwich was established as universal time meridian of longitude.
1887 – Charles Stevenson was born in Sacramento, California (d. 4 Jul 1943). American actor.

1890 – Samuel Freeman Miller dies (b. 1816). U.S. Supreme Court Justice.

1890 – Criação do Jogo do Bicho, no Rio de Janeiro-RJ, pelo Barão de Drumond, para ajudar o Jardim Zoológico.
1904 – Sigmund Freud’s “The Interpretation of Dreams” was published.
1909 – Francisco Ferrer Guardia dies (b. 1849). Spanish free-thinker.
1909 – Art Tatum was born († 1956). American jazz pianist
1909 – Herbert Block was born (d. 2001). American cartoonist.
1911 – Ashok Kumar was born (d. 2001). Indian actor.
1915 – Terry Frost was born (d. 2003). English artist
1915 – Cornel Wilde was born (d. 1989). American actor.
1917 – Burr Tillstrom was born (d. 6 Dec 1985). American puppeteer (Berlin Wall Hand Ballet, That was the Week that Was [1965-66]; Kukla, Fran & Ollie).
1917 – Florence La Badie dies. American actress
1918 – Robert Hudson Walker was born (d. 1951). American actor
1918 – Talaat Pasha and the Young Turk (C.U.P.) ministry resign and sign an armistice, ending Ottoman participation in World War I
1919 – Karl Adolph Gjellerup dies (b. 1857). Danish writer, Nobel Prize laureate.
1921 – Yves Montand was born (d. 1991). Italian-born French singer and actor
1923 – Faas Wilkes was born. Dutch football (soccer) player
1923 – Angora (Ankara) became Turkey’s capital.

1924 – Roberto Eduardo Viola was born. President of Argentine (1981)
1924 – Nipsey Russell was born. American comedian, actor, and television personality
1925 – Margaret Thatcher was born. Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1925 – Lenny Bruce was born (d. 1966). American comedian.

1927 – Turgut Özal was born. President of Turkey (1989-1993)
1930 – Bispo de Leiria torna público, oficialmente, as aparições de Fátima
1931 – Eddie Mathews was born (d. 2001). Baseball player
1934 – Nana Mouskouri was born. Greek singer
1938 – Hugo Young was born (d. 2003). English journalist.
1938 – Em Lisboa, inauguração da Igreja de Nossa Senhora de Fátima, da autoria de Pardal Monteiro.

1938 – Morre o desenhador e cartoonista americano Elzie Segar, inventor do marinheiro Popeye.
1940 – Pharoah Sanders was born. American saxophonist
1941 – Paul Simon was born. American singer, songwriter, and guitarist [ duo: Simon and Garfunkel: Bridge Over Troubled Water, Homeward Bound, I Am a Rock, Mrs. Robinson, Scarborough Fair, The Sounds of Silence, Cecilia; solo: Mother and Child Reunion, Me and Julio, Kodachrome, 50 Ways to Leave Your Lover, Slip Slidin’ Away; LP: Graceland; Wonderful World [with Art Garfunkel, James Taylor]; Rock and Roll Hall of Famer; in film: Annie Hall ]
1942 – Jerry Jones was born. American football team owner.

1942 – Pamela Tiffin was born. Actress.
1943 – World War II: The new government of Italy sides with the Allies and declares war on Germany.
1944 – World War II: Riga, the capital of Latvia, is liberated by the Red Army
1945 – Milton S. Hershey dies (b. 1857). American chocolate tycoon.
1946 – France adopts the constitution of the Fourth Republic.
1946 – Edwina Currie was born. British politician
1947 – Sammy Hagar was born. American singer
1948 – Ted Poe was born. American politician
1950 – Fagner was born. Brazilian musician
1952 – Beverly Johnson was born. Model, actress: The Cover Girl Murders, Ashanti, Land of No Mercy
1953 – Pat Day was born. American jockey
1954 – Mordechai Vanunu was born. Israeli nuclear technician
1955 – Manuel Ávila Camacho dies (b. 1897). President of Mexico (1940-46)

1955 – Morte da Venerável Alexandrina – Alexandrina Maria da Costa (Portugal)
1956 – Chris Carter was born. American television producer
1959 – Marie Osmond was born. American singer, actress, and television personality
1960 – 1960 World Series: Baseballer Bill Mazeroski becomes the first person to end a World Series with a home run.
1961 – Amílcar Cabral dirige uma carta aberta ao governo português reclamando a independência da Guiné e do arquipélago de Cabo Verde.
1962 – Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? opens on Broadway.
1962 – Kelly Preston was born. American actress (For Love and Honor, Cheyenne Warrior, Double Cross, Love is a Gun, Only You, The Perfect Bride, Amazon Women on the Moon); actor John Travolta’s wife
1962 – Jerry Rice was born. American football star
1964 – Nie Haisheng was born. Chinese astronaut.
1966 – Clifton Webb dies (b. 1889). American actor.

1967 – Javier Sotomayor was born. Cuban athlet, jumper, World record 1989
1968 – Bea Benaderet dies (b. 1906). American actress.
1968 – Manuel Bandeira dies. Brazilian writer.
1969 – Nancy Kerrigan wa sborn. American figure skater
1970 – As Ilhas Fiji são admitidas como Estado-Membro da ONU
1971 – Sacha Baron Cohen was born. British comedian
1971 – Pyrros Dimas was born. Albanian weightlifter
1972 – An Aeroflot Ilyushin-62 crashed outside Moscow killing 176
1972 – Andes flight disaster: Fairchild passenger plane transporting a rugby team crashes in Andes. They are found alive December 20 but they have had to resort to cannibalism to survive, as chronicled in the 1993 film Alive: The Miracle of the Andes.
1973 – Brian Dawkins was born. American football player.
1974 – Ed Sullivan dies (b. 1901). American television personality.
1975 – Joseph Utsler was born. American rapper (Insane Clown Posse)

1975 – Patrícia Lucchesi was born. Brazilian actress.
1976 – A Bolivian Boeing 707 cargo jet crashes in Santa Cruz, Bolivia killing 100 (97, mostly children, killed on the ground)
1976 – The first electron micrograph of an Ebola viral particle was obtained by Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, who was then working at the C.D.C..
1977 – Four Palestinians hijack a Lufthansa Airlines flight to Somalia and demand release of 11 members of the Red Army Faction.
1978 – Jermaine O’Neal was born. American basketball player

1978 – Katie Walder was born. American actress.

1978 – Swaziland’s new constitution promulgated bans political parties
1979 – Rebecca Clarke dies (b. 1886). English composer and violist.
1980 – Ashanti wa born. American musician

1980 – Argentine Adolfo Pérez Esquivel receives the Nobel Peace Prize.
1980 – Magne Hoset was born. Norwegian footballer.

1981 – Voters in Egypt participated in a referendum to elect Vice President Hosni Mubarak the new president, one week after the assassination of Anwar Sadat.

1982 – Mexican Alonso García Robles receives the Nobel Peace Prize.
1982 – Ian Thorpe was born. Australian swimmer.
1983 – The Space Shuttle Challenger, carrying seven, the largest crew to date, landed safely at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
1983- Ameritech Mobile Communications (now Cingular) launched the first US cellular network in Chicago.

1987 – Costa Rican President Oscar Arias was named winner of the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts on behalf of a Central American peace plan.
1987 – Walter Brattain dies (b. 1902). American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
1988 – Naguib Mahfouz , Egyptian novelist, was named recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature
1990 – Le Duc Tho dies (b. 1911). Vietnamese general and politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.

1991 – Daniel Oduber Quirós dies. Presidente of Costa Rica (1974-1978)
1994 – Kenzabuto Oe, Japanese novelist, won the Noble prize for literature. His work included “An Echo of Heaven.”
1995 – British physicist Joseph Rotblat and the anti-nuclear group he founded, the Pugwash Conference, were named winners of the 1995 Nobel Peace Prize.
1998 – The Nobel Prize in physics was awarded to Robert B. Laughlin of Stanford, Horst L. Stormer of Columbia Univ. and Daniel C. Tsui of Princeton for their work on the fractional quantum Hall effect where groups of electrons act as if they are quarks.
1998 – The Nobel Prize in chemistry went to Walter Kohn of UC Santa Barbara and John Pople (d.2004) of Northwestern Univ. for their work in computational chemistry.
1999 – Golpe militar no Paquistão
1999 – Robert A. Mundell (66), a Canadian born professor at Columbia Univ., won the Nobel Prize in Economics for his study of cross-border capital flows, flexible foreign exchange rates, and supply side economics.
1999 – France legalized same sex unions under legislation called “civil solidarity pacts” pushed through by the Socialist-dominated National Assembly.
1999 – The United States Senate rejects ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT).
2000 – Kim Dae-jung, President of South- Korea, received the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to make peace with North Korea.
2001 – Anthrax was confirmed in 3 US states. In Florida 5 more employees tested positive; in Nevada a letter sent to a Microsoft office tested positive; and in NYC a letter sent to NBC News tested positive.
2002 – Stephen Ambrose dies (b. 1936). American historian and biographer.

2002 – O Brasil sagra-se campeão mundial de Voleibol masculino ao vencer a Rússia.
2003 – Bertram Brockhouse, Canadian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
2003 – The Public Library of Science commences publication of an open-access scientific journal, PLoS Biology.
Roman festivals – Fontanalia: festival dedicated to Fontus
RC Saints – translation (1163) of Saint Edward the Confessor; memorial of Saint Gerald of Aurillac
Also see October 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
John Peel Day – A day celebrating the life and influence of the late John Peel

Dia Internacional para a Redução das Catástrofes Naturais (Segunda Quarta-feira de Outubro).